Pranayama is a Sanskrit word meaning "extension of the breath" or "extension of the life force". The word is composed of two Sanskrit words: "Prana", life force, or vital energy, (noted particularly as the breath), and "Yama", to extend or draw out.
Bhastrika is one of the most important pranayamas. It is a very mysterious pranayama and not much is known about it.
Kapalabhati is an important part of Shatkarma, the yogic system of body cleansing techniques. The word kapal Bhatti is made up of two words: kapal meaning 'skull' and bhati meaning 'shining, illuminating.'
Anulom Vilom (Alternate Nostril Breathing) is one of the most effective pranayama (breathing exercises) to purify the mind and body.