Removal of Hardness of Water

Things to remember

• Salts like calcium bicarbonate and magnesium bicarbonate when dissolved in water causes temporary hardness.
• Temporary hardness present in the water can be removed by heating hard water and treating it with lime water.
• Permanent hardness present in the water can be removed by treating it with soda water and using permutit process.
• Soluble salts of calcium and magnesium change into insoluble salts due to the treatment with sodium carbonate (washing soda).
• Permutit is the trade name for an artificially prepared sodium zeolite or sodium aluminium orthosilicate obtained by fusing together sodium carbonate silica and alumina