Cardiac Enzymes and Holter Monitoring

Cardiac Enzyme

Studies on cardiac enzymes quantify the quantities of proteins and enzymes that have been linked to heart muscle damage. These enzymes and proteins are typically found in low concentrations in the blood, but when the heart muscle is damaged, the enzymes and proteins leak out of the broken heart muscle cells, increasing their concentrations in the blood. All patients who present with chest pain consistent with acute coronary syndrome had cardiac measurements. Elevated cardiac enzyme levels must be understood in light of clinical images and ECG results.

Electrolytes

Sodium (Na): Reflects a relative fluid balance of 135 to 145 mEq/L. Hypernatremia denotes a fluid deficit, while hyponatremia denotes an excess of fluid.

Potassium (K): 3.5 to 5 mEq/L is the normal range. rising dysrhythmias.

Magnesium (Mg): The normal range is 1.3–2.1 mEq/L. Dysrhythmias can result from levels that are too high or too low.

Calcium (Ca): 4.5 to 5.3 mEq/La 9-11 mg/dl is the typical range. It is essential for both neuromuscular action and blood coagulation. A dysrhythmia may result from abnormal levels, and muscle twitching may result from both increased and decreased levels.

Serum Lipids

The serum levels of lipoprotein and cholester triglycerides are measured by the lipid profile. It's employed to estimate the risk of coronary artery disease. The norma values are

• Total cholesterol level: 150 to 200mg / d * l
• Low density lipoprotein (LDL): 30 to 70 mg/dl
• High density lipoprotein (HDL): 50-150 mg/dl
• Triglycerides: 10 to 150 mg/dl

Holter Monitoring

Electrocardiography, also known as electrocardiography or ambulatory ECG, is a noninvasive test that uses a specialized portable device called a Holter monitor to continuously record the electrical activity of a patient's heart muscle for 24 hours. Dysrhythmias are detected during the test, which also assesses how well the medication is working. Give the patient instructions to resume their regular daily activities and to keep a diary of their activities and any symptom presence, such as chest pain, palpitations, or dyspnea.