Laryngitis

Subject: Medical and Surgical Nursing II (Theory)

Overview

Laryngitis, an inflammation of the larynx, can arise from voice abuse, exposure to chemicals, smoke, dust, and other pollutants, as well as from URTI. Acute laryngitis is defined as laryngitis that lasts shorter than a few days. Infectious type: more prevalent, typically occurs after URTI, viral in origin but quickly invaded by bacteria with a street. H. influenza, hemolytic streptococci, and staphylococci. Aureus. Chronic laryngitis is an inflammatory condition that affects the entire larynx, including the true vocal cords, ventricular bands, interarytenoid region, and an epiglottic root.Expectorant medications and a daily fluid intake of 2 to 3 cups are advised if laryngeal secretion is present during acute episodes in order to thin the secretion. The nurse explains to the patient that in situations of infection, laryngitis symptoms frequently persist for a week to ten days after the conclusion of antibiotic medication.

Laryngitis is an inflammation of the larynx that often occurs as a result of voice abuse or exposure to dust, chemical, smoke, and other pollutants or as a part of URTI.

Pathophysiology 

  • Vocal cord inflammation brought on by smoking, reflux esophagitis, vocal cord abuse, or URI.
  • Inflammation causes the vocal cord to swell and inhibits the larynx's natural range of motion.
  • Hyperemia and fluid exudation are the results of the inflammatory response to viral cell damage.
  • Smooth muscle spasms in the upper airways are induced by kinins and other inflammatory mediators.

Classification of Laryngitis

Laryngitis is classified as: 

  • Acute laryngitis
  • Chronic laryngitis

Acute laryngitis:

If laryngitis lasts for less than a few days. Acute laryngitis may be:

  • Infectious
  • Non-infectious

Infectious type: more prevalent, typically occurs after URTI, viral in origin but quickly invaded by bacteria with a street. H. influenza, hemolytic streptococci, and staphylococci. Aureus.

Non-infectious types include vocal abuse, allergies, laryngeal burns from heat or chemicals, and laryngeal trauma after endotracheal intubation.

Clinical features

  • hoarseness, which might progress to total voice loss.
    throat discomfort or discomfort
    Cough that is dry and irritating, usually worse at night.
    a headache, a cold, throat dryness, and fever.

Treatment Process

  • Vocal rest
  • Avoidance of alcohol and smoking.
  • Steam inhalation
  • Cough sedative
  • Antibiotics
  • Analgesics
  • Steroids: useful in laryngitis following thermal and chemical burn

Chronic laryngitis

It is a diffuse or symmetrical inflammatory condition involving the whole larynx i.e true vocal cords, ventricular bands, inter arytenoid region, and a root of the epiglottis.

Aetiology:

  • may come after acute laryngitis that hasn't fully healed or recurring episodes of it.
  • the existence of a persistent infection in the tonsils, chest, teeth, and paranasal sinus.
  • work-related issues, such as exposure to smoke, fumes, dust, etc.
  • booze and smoking
  • persistent cough trauma
  • audio abuse

Clinical Features:

  • Hoarseness
  • Constant hawking
  • Discomfort in throat
  • A cough: dry and irritating

Treatment Process 

  • obliterate upper and lower respiratory tract infections.
  • avoiding drinking alcohol, smoking, and being around dust and other pollutants.
  • Speech treatment and voice rest.
  • breathing in steam
  • Expectorants

Nursing Management

  • Instruct the patient to rest the voice and to maintain a well-humidified environment.
  • If laryngeal secretion is present during acute episodes, expectorant agents are suggested along with daily fluid intake of 2 to 3 it, to thin secretion.
  • In cases involving infection, the nurse informs the patient that the symptoms of laryngitis often extend a week to 10 days after completion of antibiotic therapy.
  • The nurse should inform the patient of signs and symptoms that require contacting the health care provider.
  • Continued hoarseness that lasts longer than 5 days should be reported because of possibility of malignancy
Things to remember
  • Laryngitis, an inflammation of the larynx, can result from voice abuse, exposure to chemicals, smoke, dust, and other pollutants, as well as from URTI.
  • Acute laryngitis is defined as laryngitis that lasts less than a few days.
  • Infectious type: more prevalent, typically occurs after URTI, viral in origin but quickly invaded by bacteria with a street. H. influenza, hemolytic streptococci, and staphylococci. Aureus.
  • A root of the epiglottis, the actual vocal cords, the ventricular bands, and the interarytenoid area of the larynx are all affected by chronic laryngitis, which is a widespread or symmetrical inflammatory illness.
  • Expectorant medications and a daily fluid consumption of 2 to 3 it are advised if laryngeal secretion is present during acute episodes in order to thin the secretion.
  • The nurse explains to the patient that in cases of infection, laryngitis symptoms frequently persist for a week to ten days after the end of antibiotic therapy.
Questions and Answers

Laryngitis is an inflammation of the larynx that often occurs as a result of voice abuse or exposure to dust, chemicals, smoke, and other pollutants, or as part of an upper respiratory tract infection (URTI).

Laryngitis is classified as :

  1. Acute laryngitis
  2. Chronic laryngitis

Acute laryngitis:

If laryngitis lasts for less than a few days. Acute laryngitis may be:

  • Infectious
  • Non-infectious

 

Chronic laryngitis

It is a diffuse or symmetrical inflammatory condition involving the whole larynx i.e true vocal cords, ventricular bands, inter arytenoid region and a root of the epiglottis.

Aetiology:

  • May follow incompletely resolved acute laryngitis or its recurrent attacks.
  • The presence of chronic infection in the paranasal sinus, teeth,tonsils and chest.
  • Occupational factors eg. Exposure to dust and fumes, smoke e.t.c
  • Smoking and alcohol
  • Persistent trauma of a cough
  • Vocal abuse
  • Instruct the patient to rest his or her voice and keep a humid environment.
  • If laryngeal secretion is present during acute episodes, expectorant agents and a daily fluid intake of 2 to 3 liters are recommended to thin secretion.
  • In cases of infection, the nurse informs the patient that laryngitis symptoms frequently last a week to ten days after antibiotic therapy is finished.
  • The nurse should notify the patient of any signs or symptoms that necessitate contacting a health care provider.
  • Hoarseness that persists for more than 5 days should be reported due to the possibility of malignancy.

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