Introduction and Historical development of Psychiatric Nursing

Mental Health

Definition

A person is in a mentally healthy state if they are aware of their own abilities, able to handle life's normal stresses, able to work productively and successfully, and able to give back to their community.

The nursing specialty of mental health nursing, sometimes known as psychiatric nursing, is focused on the prevention, treatment, and cure of mental illness or mental discomfort in people of all ages, including psychosis, dementia, depression, and schizophrenia.

Historical Development of Psychiatric Nursing

• The 18th century saw the development of psychiatric mental health nursing and a shift toward compassionate kindness.
• The advancement of caring has replaced punishment.
• The "Certificate in Psychological Medicine" was created in 1818 for medical training.
• All asylum attendants had access to schooling thanks to the 1870 Education Act.
• Although nursing is becoming more respected, asylum seekers in New Zealand still have a stigmatized status.
• The first nursing school in the United States for mental health nursing opened its doors in 1882.
• Published in 1885 was the Handbook for the Instruction of Attendants1of the Insane.
• In 1902, 15,000 copies were sold, and the oral tradition of mental healthcare gave way to writing.
• A nurse training program was created in 1890.
• 15 asylums participated in the training program in 1892.
• New Zealand has since developed similarly to the UK.
• First mental nurse training program and registered business in Auckland, 1907.
• Published in 1923 was "The Handbook for Mental Health Nurses."
• Pharmaceutical treatment with antidepressants and antipsychotics first became available after World War II.
• Many institutionalized customers were able to leave the hospital for the first time in decades thanks to this success.
• Hildegarde Peplau launches the first speciality training program and the text book "Interpersonal Relations in Nursing" between 1950 and 1954.
• An international trend was the conceptualization of mental health nursing as a therapeutic relationship.
• Orlando and Barker, nursing theorists, expanded on Peplau's notion.
• 1970: The transition of education from mental institutions to universities and polytechnics
• The postgraduate certificate program in mental health nursing was created in 1995.
• 2000 postgraduate diploma's masters professionalism of specialized in mental health nursing
• Deinstitutionalization in the 1980s
• A set of five strategic directions were formed by the New Zealand Ministry of Health in 1994. Strategic future directions for mental health services
• The Mental Health Commission was founded in 1996 to carry out the National Mental Health Strategy abroad.
• The national plan for more and better mental health services was published in 1997 as "Moving Forward."
• The 1998 Mental Health Services Blueprint.
• Recovery ideas emerged in the 1990s, and consumers got involved.
• Although mental health nursing has developed into a skilled profession, there are still many challenges for mental health nurses to overcome, including the need to balance the caring and directing functions of mental health nursing practice and ongoing policy development in the provision of services.