Suicide

Suicide

Suicide is the deliberate act of bringing about one's own death. Mental health conditions like depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, personality problems, alcoholism, or drug addiction are risk factors. Others are impulsive behaviors brought on by stress, such as struggles with money, interpersonal issues, or bullying. Those who have attempted suicide in the past are very likely to do so again. The treatment of mental illness and drug abuse, limiting access to methods of suicide including poison and guns, reporting on suicide in the media properly, and improving economic situations are all part of attempts to prevent suicide. Despite the prevalence of crisis hotlines, there is little proof of their efficacy.

The most popular method of suicide differs across nations and is in part influenced by the accessibility of efficient tools. Typical techniques include hanging, pesticide poisoning, and the use of weapons.

Causes

• Genetic influences (based on research)
  • In first-degree relatives of those who have mood disorders, depression, or have attempted suicide, there is a 5–3 fold increase in suicidal behavior.
  • In monozygotic twins as opposed to dizygotic twins.
  • Biological variables
• Typically as a result of long-term illnesses or medical conditions, for instance
  • Stroke.
  • Mental illnesses or cognitive decline (dementia).
  • Diabetes
  • Cardiovascular disease
  • Cancer
  • AIDS and HIV
• Environmental and Psychosocial Factors
• Theories Psychodynamic and psychoanalytic
  • According to Freud's theory, the lost item was linked to hostility and rage, self-loathing, and the most recent sadness.
• Behavioral Cognitive Theory
  • Low self-esteem, the expanding negative cognitive patterns, and Theory Beck
• Stressors in the environment
  • Family dissolution, dishonesty, and a lack of social networks.

Sign and Symptoms

• Saying things like "I'm going to kill myself," "I wish I were dead," or "I wish I hadn't been born" when discussing suicide, for instance
• Acquiring the tools necessary to commit suicide, such as hoarding drugs or purchasing a gun.
• Withdrawal from social interaction and a desire for solitude
• Mood fluctuations, such as being highly emotional one day and incredibly depressed the next.
• Being concerned with violence, death, or death.
• Feeling entrapped or helpless in a circumstance.
• Growing consumption of alcohol or drugs
• Altering regular routines, such as eating or sleeping schedules.
• Engaging in unsafe or destructive behavior, such as abusing drugs or operating a vehicle carelessly.
• Giving things away or organizing affairs when there isn't any other logical reason to do so
• Folks leaving as if they won't be seen again.
• Personality changes or being extremely agitated or nervous, especially when exhibiting some of the warning indicators mentioned above.

Treatment

• You address the problems that make you feel suicidal in psychotherapy, also known as psychological counseling or talk therapy, and you learn techniques to better manage your emotions. Together, you and your therapist can create a treatment plan and set goals.
• You may feel less suicidal if you use antidepressants, antipsychotic drugs, anti-anxiety meds, and other treatments for mental illness.
• Treatment for addiction. Detoxification, addiction treatment courses, and sessions with self-help groups can all be part of the treatment for drug or alcohol addiction.
• Help from family and education. Both controversy and support might come from your loved ones. Participating in treatment with them can enhance family bonds, provide them greater coping mechanisms, and aid in their understanding of what you're going through.

Nursing Management

• Create a therapeutic alliance with the client.
• This study highlighted the significance of this connection in recognizing and preventing suicide (Rudd et al, 2000).
• Keep track of, record, and report a client's suicide risk.
• Watch out for suicide warning signs.
• Statements like "I can't go on," "Nothing matters anymore," and "I wish I were dead."
• Going down or withdrawing.
• Acting carelessly.
• Arranging finances and donating priceless goods.
• Demonstrating a discernible change in actions, attitudes, or appearance.
• Abuse of alcohol or drugs.
• Experiencing a significant loss or life change.
• When the past reveals suicidal ideation, check for it.
  • Depression.
  • Abuse of alcohol or other drugs.
  • Other mental disorder.
  • An effort at suicide.
  • Recent separation or divorce.
  • Recent joblessness
  • Recent loss of life.
  • Persistent pain
• If there is indication of suicidal intent, which may include evidence of preparations, refer to mental health therapy and potential hospitalization (e.g., obtaining a weapon, making a plan, putting affairs in order, giving away prized possession, preparing a suicide note).
• Ask family members about the listed preparation steps.
• If a client exhibits suicidal ideation or there is a suspicion that suicidal thoughts are present, refer family members and friends to nearby mental health organizations and crisis intervention centers.
• For a client who is actively suicidal, think about outpatient commitment.
• Parents and homeowners should be advised to limit unlawful access to firearms and potentially fatal prescription medications inside the home.