Democracy in Nepal

Subject: Nepalese Society and Politics

Overview

Nepal has successfully exited its post-conflict state since the end of the civil war in 2006 The November 2013 elections resulted in a peaceful transfer of power and marked an essential step toward the construction of an inclusive and democratic state, despite the fact that the country's political transition is taking longer than anticipated, particularly the writing of a new constitution. Despite Nepal's little history of democratic rule, the country has made tremendous political progress in the past ten years. The country's extremely diversified population has peacefully resolved contentious issues like federalism and the structure of government and developed a solid consensus regarding Nepal's character as a secular, inclusive, and democratic republic.

Democracy in Nepal

Nepal Democracy, http://www.authorstream.com/Presentation/simranps3-1753911-2006-democracy-movement-nepal/

Nepal Democracy, http://www.authorstream.com/Presentation/simranps3-1753911-2006-democracy-movement-nepal/

The peaceful protests in Nepal have paved the way for enduring peace and brought an end to the nation's dictatorial monarchy. King Gyanendra was forced to abdicate his position as an absolute monarch due to the historic 19-day long peoples' strike that started on April 6, 2006. The King's autocratic and illegal regime was partially overthrown by the forceful restoration of the June 2002-dissolved parliament and the transfer of power. Even if King Gyanendra continues to defend his dictatorial decision from February 1, 2005 and designates the Shah Dynasty as the consumer of the country, the fight to achieve absolute democracy and abolish the remaining autocratic elements in the government and throughout the country continues. The security forces continue to commit atrocities, violate human rights, and use excessive force against nonviolent demonstrators. The royal order that reinstalled parliament completely disregarded the wishes of the individual and the minimum demands of the Seven Political celebration Alliance (SPA), which include the declaration of an unconditional election for a constituent assembly and long-term peace.

Despite the royal agreement to ostensibly accept the SPA's plan, there is still a significant risk of upsetting the mechanism for reorganizing the state and moving on with the roadmap. The King also endorsed the reinstatement of parliament on April 27, 2006, encouraging Nepali Congress President Girija Prasad Koirala to become the top Minister despite the ambiguity and blatant insincerity of the monarch's remarks. The SPA further decided to announce the election for the constituent assembly, maintain communication with the Maoists, represent an investigation fee to look into the crimes committed during peaceful protests, the King's regime's annual "regressive" decisions and ordinances passed after October 2002, and to recompense the families of the martyrs and those gravely hurt during the democratic struggle.

The Maoists rejected the King's reinstatement of parliament, claiming that it did not satisfy the motion's minimum demand and that they would continue their peace and democratic movement until an unconditional constituent assembly election was declared. Additionally, they expressed their dissatisfaction with the SPA for accepting the King's "agreement" right away and potentially weakening the SPA-Maoist 12-point accord that was created during a dialogue session in November 2005. However, After the first parliamentary session on April 28, 2006, the Maoists lifted their blockade of Kathmandu and the District Headquarters, announced a three-month ceasefire, showed their commitment to the 12-factor, and appeared to be giving the SPA this time to make significant progress in satisfying the needs of the people.

The most recent and largest protests that brought about the current political situation were organized by professionals, workers, peasants, women, more than a few religious and ethnic organizations, and so on. However, traditional Nepalese were almost always present in large numbers to oppose the King and ensure that they have a democratic and free future. Numerous ordinary people have participated in peaceful protests against the dictatorial rule of the King and are currently demonstrating in front of the SPA to assert their right to vote in the country's future political process. After ongoing discussions between the SPA and the CPN-Maoists as outlined in the 12-point strategy, it was decided to abolish the King's autocratic authority through peaceful means. The working out offers chances for the Maoists to enter mainstream politics and demonstrates their commitment to a multiparty system, human rights, the rule of law, press freedom, etc.

The King's security forces have used excessive force on the protesters in response to the significant peaceful demonstrations. Both the army and the Nepali police were once sent out to deal with the protesters. Both protesters and onlookers were severely outnumbered, which led to severe head injuries, fractured bones, neck and back injuries, and loss of vision. Tear gas was deployed, which resulted in respiratory issues and several cases of people who are still unconscious today. In the past, tiny agencies were also targeted for close-range tear gas shooting. In addition to using rubber bullets, the protection forces also fired live ammunition, which at least 15 people died as a result of. The intended number of fatalities cannot be proven because security forces have been seen removing bodies from protest sites and removing martyrs' bodies from hospitals, at least one of which was cremated without the family's permission. They also took injured people who haven't yet been found. The security forces also prevented hospitals, scientific organizations, and ambulance services from providing medical care to injured people at numerous gatherings. The real number of injured men and women is still uncertain, but political parties and human rights organizations claim that during the 19 days of protests, over 5,000 people were hurt.

It is necessary to hold the regime responsible for its actions, especially the security forces that the King directly commands. They have toiled and still toil in complete impunity. The King granted the Royal Nepal military, the Armed Police drive, and the Nepal Police excessive authority to carry out repressive actions against peaceful protesters, impose pointless prohibitory orders and curfews, and restrict the movement of ambulances, medical groups, human rights activists, and media during curfew hours. illegally detain political leaders, organizers, journalists, human rights advocates, and others. The regime has also interfered with peaceful protests by using the national intelligence bureau, covert security personnel, and vigilantes. To accuse the Maoists of infiltration and as a pretext for using force, some of these had been placed in crowds with weapons (grenades, handguns, and many more). Some have physically assaulted the SPA and student organization leaders, while others have initiated violence against security personnel, human rights advocates, and medical staff after being dispersed throughout the large crowd of protesters.

The restoration of parliament must now be seen as the beginning of establishing an absolute democracy and long-lasting peace in the country, even though the King retains a significant degree of power. The reinstated parliament should serve as a means of achieving the 12-point plan's objectives, which incorporates the aspirations of the Nepalese people. The peaceful democratic motion must and may continue to lobby foyer leaders as well as to continue advocating for Nepalese sovereignty and what it will mean for the future of the monarchy and the state constitution if parliament is insufficient.

Therefore, by holding the unconditional constituent assembly election and launching political dialogue with hostile nations, national actors (political events, civil society, experts, trade unions, ladies and minority groups, human rights community, students, media, etc.) and the international community (UN, residential diplomatic missions, donors, friendly nations, etc.) must continue to support the SPA's efforts to establish absolute democracy and lasting peace. The international world must stop naively providing funds and support to a government that is still ultimately subject to the king; A king who has crushed the rights of the people by robbing them of their strength and money, nor to his security forces who have gravely violated human rights, especially after February 1, 2005. The international community must take the initiative to see that the monarch's promise to grant sovereignty to the Nepalese people is kept and carried out.

References

authorstream.com/Presentation/simranps3-1753911-2006-democracy-movement-nepal/

Flippo, Edwin B. Personnel Management. London: Oxford Press, 1980.

Gynwal, Ram Prasad. Know Nepal. Kathmandu: Bhundipuran Prakashan, 2012.

Hamilton, Francis B. An Account of the Kingdom of Nepal. New Delhi: Manjushri Publishing House, 1971.

Heywood, Andrew. Politics. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2002.

 

 

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Things to remember
  • The peaceful protests in Nepal have paved the way for enduring peace and brought an end to the nation's dictatorial monarchy. King Gyanendra was forced to abdicate his position as an absolute monarch due to the historic 19-day long peoples' strike that started on April 6, 2006. The King's autocratic and illegal regime was partially overthrown by the forceful restoration of the June 2002-dissolved parliament and the transfer of power.
  • Even though King Gyanendra continues to defend his autocratic move from February 1, 2005 and designates the Shah Dynasty as the consumer of the country, atrocities continue to be committed by the security forces, and the use of excessive force against peaceful protesters continues. The fight to achieve absolute democracy and eliminate the remaining autocratic elements in the government and throughout the country continues.
  • The Maoists opposed the King's decision to restore parliament, claiming that it did not satisfy the motion's minimum requirement. They also stated that they would continue their peace and democracy campaign without the declaration of an unconditional constituent assembly election. They also voiced disappointment in the SPA for accepting the King's "agreement" right quickly and potentially damaging the SPA-Maoist 12-point accord that was created during a November 2005 dialogue session.
  • The most recent and largest protests that brought about the current political situation were organized by professionals, workers, peasants, women, more than a few religious and ethnic organizations, and so on. However, traditional Nepalese were almost always present in large numbers to oppose the King and ensure that they have a democratic and free future. Numerous ordinary people have participated in peaceful protests against the dictatorial rule of the King and are currently demonstrating in front of the SPA to assert their right to vote in the country's future political process.
  • It is necessary to hold the regime responsible for its actions, especially the security forces that the King directly commands. They have toiled and still toil in complete impunity. The King granted the Royal Nepal military, the Armed Police drive, and the Nepal Police excessive authority to carry out repressive measures against peaceful protesters, impose pointless curfews and prohibition orders, stop the movement of ambulances, medical groups, human rights defenders, and media during curfew hours, and illegally detain leaders and cadres of political events, the human rights group, journalists, etc. The regime has also interfered with peaceful protests by using the national intelligence bureau, covert security personnel, and vigilantes.
  • Therefore, by holding the unconditional constituent assembly election and launching political dialogue with hostile nations, national actors (political events, civil society, experts, trade unions, ladies and minority groups, human rights community, students, media, etc.) and the international community (UN, residential diplomatic missions, donors, friendly nations, etc.) must continue to support the SPA's efforts to establish absolute democracy and lasting peace. The international world must stop naively providing funds and support to a government that is still ultimately subject to the king; A king who has crushed the rights of the people by robbing them of their strength and money, nor to his security forces who have gravely violated human rights, especially after February 1, 2005.

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