Hypoglycemia

Subject: Midwifery III (Theory)

Overview

Hypoglycemia is defined by an abnormally low level of blood sugar (glucose), your body's primary energy source. Low blood sugar in people who do not have diabetes can be caused by a variety of conditions, many of which are rare. Though uncommon, signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia include confusion, abnormal behavior, or both, such as the inability to complete routine tasks, visual disturbances such as double vision and blurred vision, and loss of consciousness. Treatment of the underlying condition causing your hypoglycemia to keep it from happening again. Breastfeeding should be started as soon as possible to prevent hypoglycemia.

Hypoglycemia is a disorder characterized by an unusually low level of blood sugar (glucose), your body's primary source of energy.

Diabetes treatment is frequently connected with hypoglycemia. However, a range of illnesses, many of which are uncommon, can induce low blood sugar in persons who do not have diabetes. Hypoglycemia, like fever, is not a sickness in and of itself; it is an indication of a health problem.

Symptoms

  • Confusion, odd conduct, or both, for example, the inability to accomplish ordinary chores
  • Double vision and fuzzy vision are examples of visual disturbances.
  • Seizures, albeit infrequent,
  • Though unusual, unconsciousness can occur.

Hypoglycemia may also cause these other signs and symptoms:

  • Heart palpitations
  • Shakiness
  • Anxiety
  • Sweating

Causes

When your blood sugar (glucose) level drops too low, you have hypoglycemia. There are various possible causes for this, the most prevalent of which is a side effect of diabetes medications.

Other major causes;

  1. Inadequate substrate.
    • premature and small for age infants.
    • smaller for the twins
    • infant of diabetic mother
  2. Relative hyperinsulinemia, as seen in diabetic mothers' infants.
  3. Hyper insulin states
    • beta cell hyperplasia
    • adenoma of beta cells
    • Lucien sensitivity
  4. Hormone deficiency, including glucagons, hGH, adrenaline, and ACTH.
  5. Galactosemia is a metabolic disease.

Treatments and Drugs

Treatment of hypoglycemia

  • Immediate treatment is required to boost your blood sugar level.
  • Treatment of the underlying problem that is causing your hypoglycemia to keep it from happening again.

Immediate initial treatment and management

  1. The early beginning of nursing can help to prevent hypoglycemia.
  2. High-risk and symptomatic newborns are given a bolus of 2-4 mL of 10% dextrose followed by 5 to 10 mg/kg of glucose per minute until blood sugar levels reach 40mg/dl.
  3. As much as possible, avoid cold stress, respiratory discomfort, and asphyxia.
  4. Maintain infusion rate because the fast infusion of hypertonic infusion might produce circulatory overload, hyperglycemia, and other complications.
  5. Blood glucose monitoring should be done on a regular basis.

Treatment of the underlying condition

To prevent recurring hypoglycemia, a clinician must first diagnose and treat the underlying disease. Treatment may include one or more of the following, depending on the underlying cause:

  1. Medications: If your hypoglycemia is caused by a medicine, your doctor will most likely recommend replacing the prescription or lowering the dosage.
  2. Parental teaching includes:
    • Give them the opportunity to voice their feelings about a baby.
    • Signs and symptoms, disease origin, treatment, and prognosis
Things to remember
  • Hypoglycemia is a disorder characterized by an unusually low level of blood sugar (glucose), your body's primary source of energy.
  • Diabetes treatment is frequently connected with hypoglycemia.
  • However, a range of illnesses, many of which are uncommon, can induce low blood sugar in persons who do not have diabetes.
  • Hypoglycemia, like fever, is not a sickness in and of itself; it is an indication of a health problem.
  • Though uncommon, the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia include confusion, odd behavior, or both, such as the inability to execute ordinary tasks, visual disturbances such as double vision and blurred vision, and loss of consciousness.
  • When your blood sugar (glucose) level drops too low, you have hypoglycemia.
  • There are various possible causes for this, the most prevalent of which is a side effect of the medications utilized.
  • Treatment of the underlying problem that is causing your hypoglycemia to keep it from happening again. The early beginning of nursing can help to prevent hypoglycemia.
  • High-risk and symptomatic newborns are given a bolus of 2-4 mL of 10% dextrose followed by 5 to 10 mg/kg of glucose per minute until blood sugar levels reach 40mg/dl.
Questions and Answers

A low level of blood sugar (glucose), your body's primary energy source, is referred to as hypoglycemia. In most cases, the management of diabetes involves treating hypoglycemia. Nevertheless, individuals without diabetes can experience low blood sugar due to a variety of ailments, many of which are uncommon. Similar to a fever, hypoglycemia is a sign of a health issue rather than a disease in and of itself.

Symptoms

  • Perplexity, unusual conduct, or both, including the inability to carry out daily chores
  • Visual problems including blurring or double vision
  • Seizures, although they are rare
  • Loss of consciousness;

Hypoglycemia may also cause these other signs and symptoms:

  • Heart palpitations
  • Shakiness
  • Anxiety
  • Sweating

Treatments and drugs

Treatment of hypoglycemia involves:

  • Immediate first-line therapy to elevate blood sugar
  • The underlying problem that is causing your hypoglycemia must be treated in order to stop it from happening again.

Immediate initial treatment and management

  • Early breastfeeding introduction can reduce hypoglycemia.
  • A bolus of 2-4 ml of 10% dextrose and then 5 to 10 mg/kg of glucose per minute until blood sugar climbs above 40 mg/dl are used to treat high risk and symptomatic neonates.
  • As much as you can, avoid suffocation, respiratory discomfort, and cold stress.
  • Maintain infusion rate because a hypertonic infusion given quickly can lead to circulatory overload, hyperglycemia, etc.
  • For the purpose of monitoring blood glucose, frequent evaluation is necessary.

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