Duodenal Atresia

Subject: Midwifery III (Theory)

Overview

Duodenal atresia or stenosis is an uncommon congenital digestive condition that usually occurs without warning. A few cases of duodenal atresia, on the other hand, have been inherited as an autosomal recessive genetic characteristic. Duodenal atresia is a condition that affects newborns. There is an absence or total closure of a segment of the channel within the first part of the small intestine, or a partial obstruction due to duodenal constriction. Fluids are removed from the stomach using a nasogastric tube, and fluids are administered intravenously. Surgery is the ultimate treatment for duodenal atresia and can be performed openly or laparoscopically. The procedure is not required right away.

Duodenal atresia, also known as stenosis, is an uncommon congenital digestive condition that typically arises for no obvious reason (sporadically). A few cases of duodenal atresia, on the other hand, have been inherited as an autosomal recessive genetic characteristic.

Duodenal atresia is a condition that affects newborn newborns. There is an absence or total closure (atresia) of a piece of the channel (lumen) within the initial part of the small intestine (duodenum), or a partial obstruction due to duodenum constriction (stenosis). Other related abnormalities may be seen in more than half of patients with duodenal atresia or stenosis.

Causes:

The cause of duodenal atresia is unidentified, but it is assumed to be caused by developmental issues in which the duodenum does not normally transform from a solid to a tube-like structure.

More than one in every 10,000 live newborns had duodenal atresia. Down syndrome affects approximately 20-30% of newborns with duodenal atresia. Duodenal atresia is frequently linked to other birth abnormalities.

Symptoms:

  • Swelling in the upper abdomen may or may not be present.
  • Large volumes of vomiting, which may be greenish, occur early (containing bile)
  • Vomiting that persists even after the infant has not been fed for several hours Absence of urination after the first few voidings
  • Absence of bowel motions following the first few meconium stools

Diagnosis:

Radiography is generally used to confirm the diagnosis of duodenal atresia. An X-ray of the abdomen reveals two huge air-filled areas, known as the "double bubble" sign. The air is trapped in the stomach and proximal duodenum, which are separated by the pyloric sphincter, causing two apparent bubbles on the x-ray. Due to the complete closure of the duodenum in duodenal atresia, no air is observed in the distal duodenum.

Distal duodenal atresias, such as jejunoileal atresia, are typically caused by vascular accidents or ischemia damage.

Treatment:

Fluids are removed from the stomach using a nasogastric tube, and fluids are administered intravenously. Surgery is the ultimate treatment for duodenal atresia and can be performed openly or laparoscopically. The procedure is not required right away. The first repair has a 5% morbidity and death rate.
Things to remember
  • Duodenal atresia, also known as stenosis, is an uncommon congenital digestive condition that typically arises for no obvious reason (sporadically).
  • A few cases of duodenal atresia, on the other hand, have been inherited as an autosomal recessive genetic characteristic.
  • Duodenal atresia is a condition that affects newborns. There is an absence or total closure (atresia) of a piece of the channel (lumen) within the initial part of the small intestine (duodenum), or a partial obstruction due to duodenum constriction (stenosis).
  • Other related abnormalities may be seen in more than half of patients with duodenal atresia or stenosis.
  • The cause of duodenal atresia is unknown, but it is assumed to be caused by developmental issues in which the duodenum does not normally transform from a solid to a tube-like structure.
  • Fluids are removed from the stomach using a nasogastric tube, and fluids are administered intravenously.
  • Surgery (duodenoduodenostomy) is the ultimate treatment for duodenal atresia and can be performed openly or laparoscopically. The procedure is not required right away.
Questions and Answers

A rare congenital digestive disorder called duodenal atresia or stenosis typically develops suddenly. Duodenal atresia, however, has only occasionally been linked to an autosomal recessive genetic trait.

  • Upper abdominal edema could be present or absent.
  • Big amounts of early vomiting that may be green (containing bile)
  • Infant continues to vomit even after being hungry for several hours
  • There is no urination after the first few voidings
  • Following the first few meconium stools, absent bowel movements

© 2021 Saralmind. All Rights Reserved.