Herpes Zoster

Herpes zoster

The Varicella Zoster virus reactivates to create Herpes Zoster, also known as Shingles. The zoster virus is quiescent in one or more dorsal sensory ganglia following an attack of chickenpox. Uncertainty surrounds the precise mechanism of viral reactivation. Risk factors for immunosuppression include chemotherapy, lymphoproliferative diseases, HIV infection, and cancer.

Herpes zoster frequently leads to postherpetic neuralgia (PHN), which is a complication. Numerous treatments, such as tricyclic antidepressants, anti-anxiety medications, anticonvulsants, acupuncture, and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, have been tried to treat PHN pain.

To manage the pain associated with PHN, including the use of narcotic analgesics, may be necessary.

Treatment and Management

• Starting an antiviral medication within 72 hours after the rash's onset will maximize its effectiveness.
• It has been demonstrated that taking 800mg of acyclovir five times a day for seven to ten days reduces pain, enhances sleep, and shortens the time needed to resume regular activities.
• A moist dressing applied locally can frequently relieve discomfort. Since HZ pain can be quite incapacitating, pain treatment is crucial.
• An ophthalmologist should be consulted if the eyes are involved.
• Applying lotions, ointments, etc. can lessen itching and shield a lesion from the air.
• Use an air mattress, a bed cradle, loose clothing, etc. to protect against pressure.
• To improve and maintain nutritional status, promote a diet high in nutrient-dense foods like fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes. Teach good hand hygiene to stop the spread of viruses.
• Because a client is enduring excruciating pain and social isolation, offer emotional support.