Structure and function of endocrine glands and its hormones

The two primary coordinating and controlling systems of the human body are the nervous system and the endocrine system.

The endocrine system consists of glands that release hormone-producing substances. A hormone is a chemical messenger that is secreted in one area of the body but controls cell activity in other areas. Through ducts, exocrine glands discharge their product onto the skin or into the digestive tract's lumen. Endocrine glands, however, lack ducts that would transport their secretions to particular locations, making them ductless. Instead, hormones are directly secreted into the fluid that surrounds the tissue (interstitial fluid), where they are subsequently taken up by blood and transported throughout the body. Each hormone has a specific organ or tissue it affects.

Functions of the Endocrine System

• The endocrine system's hormones aid in controlling the development of the skeleton, muscles, viscera, and brain.
• The endocrine hormone regulates bodily functions.
• This system aids in the development of secondary sex traits, reproduction, and gonad maturation.
• It aids in the body's enzymatic processes by catalyzing them.
• By regulating the body's fluid and electrolyte balance, it aids in maintaining homeostasis.
• This system aids in controlling the metabolism of proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates.

All of these glands and the cells that secrete hormones are together referred to as the endocrine system, and they are located all over the body. the following endocrine glands:

• Pituitary gland 1.
• Thyroid gland 1.
• Parathyroid gland 4.
• Adrenal gland 2.
• The pancreatic islets.
• Pineal gland 1.
• Thymus gland 1.
• The sex gland.
• Ovaries in female 2.
• Testes in male 2.