DAPSONE and CLOFAZIMINE

DAPSONE

Additionally known as DDS (diamino diphenyl sulfone). It is the most affordable and effective bacteriostatic anti-leprotic medication. Sulphonamides and its chemical structure are related.

Mechanism of Action:

This medicine is bacteriostatic. It works similarly to sulphonamide le in preventing the synthesis of folic acid in bacteria.

Indication:

• Leprosy (Hansen's disease)
• Dose
• According to WHO protocol
• Contraindication:
• Pregnancy, lactation, G6PD deficiency

 Side Effects:

• Peripheral neuropathy,
• Paresthesia,
• Haemolysis,
• Methaemoglobinaemia,
• Hepatic impairment 
• Rashes sulfone syndrome,
• Lymphadenopathy

Nursing Consideration

• Avoid exposure to sunshine as it may produce symptoms related to photosensitivity.
• Check G6PD levels before starting
• Patients should be watched for signs of hemolysis and jaundice.
• If you experience a fever, sore throat, lethargy, muscle weakness, or jaundice, call your doctor.

CLOFAZIMINE

• It is a medication made from phenazine.
• It acts bactericidally.

Mechanism of Action:

It binds to the DNA of mycobacteria and prevents the templet from working. It prevents the synthesis of proteins and bacterial growth.

Indication:

• Leprosy (anti-inflammatory and immonusuppresive action)
• Dose: According to WHO protocol
• Contraindication:
• Severe anaemia, pregnancy, peptic ulcer

Side Effects:

• Anxiety,
• Depression,
• Drowsiness,
• Bowel obstruction,
• Dizziness ,
• Bleeding,
• Abdominal pain,
• Epigastric pain,
• Reddish brown discolouration of conjunctive,
• Pinkish brown discolouration of skin,
• Phototoxicity

Nursing Consideration

• The drug clofazimine turns skin and other bodily fluids a variety of colors. Patients who might otherwise be extremely terrified by these effects should be informed of them.
• The blood glucose level rises when clofazimine is taken. Consequently, a blood glucose test is required.
• Use with caution if you are pregnant or nursing.
• Avoid exposure to sunshine as it may produce symptoms related to photosensitivity.