Nystatin and Clotrimazole

NYSTATIN

It is the antibiotic polyene. The majority of Candida species, especially Candida albicans, are susceptible to it.

Mechanism of Action

It eventually connects with the fungi's cell membrane, leading to cellular contents leaking.

Indication

• Candida infections
• Vaginal candidasis

Dose

• Pessaries and ointment: For at least 14 nights, insert 1-2 pessaries each night.

Contraindication

Hypersensitivity, ethyl alcohol or benzyl alcohol may be present in some products,

Side Effects

Steven Johnson syndrome, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.

Nursing Consideration

• Taken orally Before use, shake thoroughly. Utilizing a syringe, apply the suspension to every area of the mouth.
• Unless otherwise stated, clean the afflicted area before using a topical treatment.
• Apply ointment to mycotic lesions with a gloved hand, a swab, or an applicator, and gently rub the ointment or cream into the affected area's skin.
• Apply one puff of topical powder to the designated area.
• Keep a close eye out for any negative effects.
• Throughout treatment, give regular oral care.
• To prevent reinfection, if a dummy is used, change it every day.
• Make sure the patient completes the entire course of treatment in order to get rid of the fungus and stop it from coming back.

Clotrilmazole

Mechanism of Action

• Individual candida or fungal cells are killed by clotrimazole via changing the permeability of the fungal cell wall.
• It suppresses the formation of ergosterol by attaching to phospholipids in the cell membrane.
• It works by changing the permeability of fungal cell membranes, allowing loss of phosphorus compounds, potassium, and other crucial intracellular components, leading to a reduction in the ability to replicate.

Indication

• Skin infections like ringworm, jock itch, and athlete's foot
• Versicolar Tinea
• Treatment for vaginal yeast infections and candidiasis with vaginal tablets.
• Treatment for susceptible fungal infections, such as cutaneous candidiasis, oropharyngeal candidiasis, dermatophytoses, and superficial mycoses.
• Vulvovaginal candidiasis treatment
• Immunocompromised individuals' oropharyngeal candidiasis prevention (receiving chemotherapy or radiation for cancer or corticosteroids for cancer or transplant).
• Vulvovaginal candidiasis treatment

Dose

• To be apply twice daily
  • Local application: 1% lotion or creams to be apply locally.
  • Vaginal tablet: 100-200mg hs

Side Effect

• Nausea, vomiting, and unusual mouth sensations. pruritis, vulvovaginal burning, redness, stinging, localized hypersensitivity responses, and itching.
• An allergic reaction, burning in the vagina, stinging, swelling, irritation, redness, pimple-like lumps, and itching.

Contraindication

• Hypersensitivity
• Lactation, elderly, children under 3 years, hypersensitivity.

Nursing Consideration

• Oral medication should be dissolved slowly in the mouth rather than swallowed whole.
• To the affected area, apply a thin layer of gel, lotion, or solution.
• At bedtime, gently place a full applicator into the vagina and expel cream or a pill. 30 minutes after administration, continue to be in a laying position. Avoid sexual activity while in therapy.
• Even though your symptoms may be getting better, take the medication for the entire prescribed period of time. If there is no improvement following 4 weeks of treatment, inform the doctor.
• If the area of application exhibits symptoms of increased irritability indicative of potential sensitization (redness, itching, burning, blistering, swelling, or oozing), let the doctor know.
• Since the safety and efficacy of clotrimazole troches in children under the age of three have not been proved, it should not be used to treat systemic fungal infections.
• When using clotrimazole lozenges for oral therapy, keep track of regular liver function tests.