OCP and NORPLANT

ORAL CONTRACEPTIVE PILLS

The hypothalamus pituitary system is suppressed, which prevents ovulation. The major way that estrogen works is through inhibiting FSH production. Progesterone seems to work through LH. Additionally, it works by altering the cervical mucus, which stops sperm from penetrating.

Types of Oral contraceptive pills:

• Combines estrogen and progestin tablets, such as Norgestrol 0.5 mg and ethinyl estradiol 50 mcg are both present in Ovral.
• Pills in phases: Phasic tablets are especially advised for ladies over the age of 35.
• When there are bleeding difficulties, a mini tablet is prescribed that only contains norgestrel (but not Estrogen)
• (Emergency) Post-coital This particular sort of medication is prescribed in an emergency circumstance and should be consumed within 72 or 24 hours. Levonorgestrel 0.5 mg and ethinyl oestradiol 0.1 mg are present in this (2 tabs)
• Since it is widely available at retail stores and is available without a prescription, it is utilized as self-medication. Users and Concerns should be aware of the usual negative effects of these hormonal tablets and never use them carelessly.
• Levonorgestrel 1.5 mg (emergency contraceptive pills)

Mechanism of action:
Levonorgestrel is thought to function as an emergency contraceptive primarily by inhibiting the tubual transportation of sperm or ova. Additionally, by modifying the endometrium, it might prevent implantation. As soon as the implantation process has started, it is ineffective.

Indication:
When there has been unprotected sexual activity or there has been a known or suspected contraceptive failure, emergency contraception is indicated to prevent pregnancy. The tablet should be taken as soon as possible within 72 hours of intercourse to achieve maximum efficacy. It is not intended for regular use as a form of contraception.

Dose:
Take 2 tablets of levonorgestrel 1.5 mg as soon as you can, but no later than 72 hours after unprotected sex. Any time during the menstrual cycle is appropriate for using it.

Contraindication:
Pregnancy, whether known or suspected, hypertension, liver disease, or heavy smoking.

Side effect:
Constipation, indigestion, nausea, vomiting, exhaustion, lightheadedness, throbbing headaches, dysmenorrhea, painful periods, pelvic discomfort, oligomenorrhea, mastalgia, and chloasma

NORPLANT

Provider-controlled, hormonal is a contraceptive for women that prevent pregnancy for five years after a single application.

Mechanism of action
By slowing down ovulation and thickening cervical mucus, these capsules prevent pregnancy by gradually releasing the hormone progestin.

Indication
Temporary family planning

Dose
Places six/three/two subcutaneous Norplant capsules in a woman's upper arm.

Contraindication
Pregnancy, whether known or suspected, hypertension, liver illness, or excessive smoking.

Side effect
Amenorrhoea, spoting, headache,lower abdominal pain, mastalgia, hypertension, weight gain, local infection.

What is emergency Contraception?

• Using specific procedures to avoid getting pregnant after unprotected sexual activity is known as ER contraception.
• All healthcare professionals and sexually active people should be aware of ER contraception's intended use. A safe and effective method of preventing an unintended pregnancy, emergency contraception pills can lower the rate of abortions and maternal deaths.

Characteristics of Emergency Contraeptive Pills:

• Secure and efficient (but regular causes serious side effects)
• Pills are freely accessible.
• Simple to use
• Physical examination not mandated by medicine
• Obtainable without a prescription.
• Combined oral and contraceptive pill

EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTIVE PILLS

• This is a self-medication/over-the-counter product that contains Levonorgestrel 0.5 mg and Ethinyl oestradiol 0.1 mg (2 tabs), and is accessible in most retail stores. The user/Concerns should be aware of the normal adverse effects of these hormone pills and never use them carelessly.
• 1.5 mg of levonorgestrel (emergency contraceptive pills)

Mechanism of action:
Levonorgestrel is thought to function as an emergency contraceptive primarily by inhibiting the tubual transportation of sperm or ova. Additionally, by modifying the endometrium, it might prevent implantation. As soon as the implantation process has started, it is ineffective.

Indication:
When there has been unprotected sexual activity or there has been a known or suspected contraceptive failure, emergency contraception is advised to prevent pregnancy. The tablet should be taken as soon as possible within 72 hours following intercourse to achieve maximum efficacy. It is not intended for regular usage as a form of contraception.

Dose:
Take 2 tablets of levonorgestrel 1.5 mg as soon as you can, but no later than 72 hours after unprotected sex. Any time during the menstrual cycle is appropriate for using it.

Adverse effect:
Fatigue, pelvic pain, oligomenorrhoea, dysmenorrhoea, irregular menstruation, stomach pain, nauseousness, vomiting, dizziness, and headache.

Contraindication

In the case of known or suspected pregnancy

Mechanism of action:

• Inhibit or delay ovulation
• Have effects after ovulation
• Thickening the cervical fuld to make it difficult for sperm to pass through

Nursing consideration

• With penicillin and rifampicin, avoid taking OCP. If this is the case, estrogen dosage must be raised.
• Do not miss an OCP dose.
• No self-medication
• commodious to perform occasionally
• If BP, consult a gynecologist or physician without moving into first position.
• If a drug allergy develops, see a doctor right away.

Types of Emergency Contraceptive Pills:

• Misplaced pills Within 72 hours of unprotected sexual activity, the first dosage of the Yuzpe regimen is given, and the second dose is given 12 hours later. Each of the two dosages must contain a minimum of 0.1 mg of ethinyl estradiol and 0.5 mg of levonorgestrel.
• Single-Progestin Tablets Dosage: This progestin-only regimen uses just one tablet, which contains 0.75 mg of levonorgestrel. The pill should be taken within 72 hours following unprotected sexual activity, and then the same dose should be taken again 12 hours later.
• Other methods of birth control include the postcoital pill, the micro pill, and the sequential pill.
• Medications for injection: depo medroxyprogesterone Levonorgestrol, a kind of implantable contraception