Dengue Fever

Subject: Community Health Nursing II

Overview

Dengue fever is a tropical mosquito-borne disease caused by the dengue virus. Symptoms appear three to fourteen days following infection. A high fever, muscular and joint discomfort, and a distinctive skin rash are all possible symptoms. Recovery usually takes between two and seven days. In a tiny percentage of patients, the disease progresses to life-threatening dengue hemorrhagic fever, which causes bleeding and blood low levels of blood and blood plasma leakage, or to dengue shock syndrome, which causes dangerously low blood pressure. Acute dengue treatment is supportive, which includes administering fluids either orally or intravenously for mild or moderate sickness. A blood transfusion may be required in more severe situations.

Dengue fever is a tropical mosquito-borne disease caused by the dengue virus. Symptoms appear three to fourteen days following infection. A high fever, muscular and joint discomfort, and a distinctive skin rash are all possible symptoms. Recovery usually takes between two and seven days. In a small percentage of cases, the disease progresses to the potentially fatal dengue hemorrhagic fever, which causes bleeding and low blood and plasma levels, or to dengue shock syndrome, which causes dangerously low blood pressure.

Dengue is carried by various mosquito species of the Aedes genus, most notably Aedes gegyoti. There are five varieties of the virus. Infection with one kind usually results in lifetime immunity to that type, but only temporary immunity to the others. The risk of severe consequences increases with subsequent infection with a different kind. To confirm the diagnosis, a number of tests are available, including the detection of antibodies to the virus or its RNA.

PHC Issue

A novel dengue fever vaccine has been licensed in three countries but is not yet commercially available. Reduce mosquito habitat and restrict exposure to bites for prevention. This can be accomplished by removing or covering standing water and wearing clothing that covers a large portion of the body. For mild or moderate disease, supportive treatment includes delivering fluids either orally or intravenously. A blood transfusion may be required in more severe situations. Every year, over 500,000 people require hospitalization. Ibuprofen and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) should not be taken.

Dengue fever has been a global problem since the Second World War, affecting more than 110 countries. Each year, between 50 and 528 million people become infected, with 10,000 to 20,000 dying. The first descriptions of an outbreak date from 1779. Its viral cause and spread were discovered in the early twentieth century. Aside from mosquito eradication, research into medication that targets the virus directly is ongoing.

REFERENCE

Ambika Rai, Kabita Dahal. Community Health Nursing II. Kathmandu: Makalu Publication House, 2012 (reprint).

Dr.Suwal S.N. & Tuitui R. (2063) A Textbook of Community Health Nursing, 1st edition, Vidyarthi Prakashan (P). Ltd. Kamalpokhari, Kathmandu

HealthLine. 2005. 2017 http://www.healthline.com/health/dengue-fever

MedicineNet. 1996. 2017 http://www.medicinenet.com/dengue_fever/article.htm

Tuitui, Roshani. Community Health Nursing. Kathmandu: Vidyarthi Prakashan (P.)

Web MD. 2005. 2017 http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/dengue-fever-reference#1

Things to remember

Dengue fever is a tropical mosquito-borne disease caused by the dengue virus.
Symptoms appear three to fourteen days following infection.
A high temperature, headache, vomiting, muscular and joint discomfort, and a distinctive skin rash are all possible symptoms.
Recovery usually takes between two and seven days. In a tiny percentage of patients, the disease progresses to the potentially fatal dengue hemorrhagic fever, which causes bleeding, low blood platelet counts, and plasma leakage, or to dengue shock syndrome, which causes dangerously low blood pressure.
Dengue is carried by various mosquito species of the Aedes genus, most notably Aedes gegyoti.
Reduce mosquito habitat and restrict exposure to bites for prevention.

Questions and Answers

Write about dengue fever?

The dengue virus is the cause of dengue fever, a tropical disease spread by mosquitoes. Typically, three to fourteen days after infection, symptoms appear. This may come with a high fever, headache, nausea, sore muscles and joints, and a distinctive skin rash. Recovery often takes two to seven days or less. A small percentage of times, the illness progresses into the potentially fatal dengue hemorrhagic fever, which causes bleeding, low blood platelet counts, and blood plasma leakage, or into dengue shock syndrome, which causes dangerously low blood pressure.

A.gegyoti, one of several mosquito species of the Aedes group, is the main carrier of dengue. There are five distinct forms of the virus. A lifelong immunity to that kind is typically conferred by infection with one type, but only temporary immunity to the others. Serious consequences are more likely if a different sort of infection returns later. A variety of tests, such as looking for antibodies to the virus or its RNA, can be used to confirm the diagnosis.

PHC Issue

Three nations have authorized a novel dengue fever vaccine, but it is not yet on the market. Limiting exposure to bites and minimizing mosquito habitat are two methods of prevention. You can achieve this by removing or covering any standing water and by donning clothing that covers the majority of your body. Acute dengue is treated with supportive care, which includes intravenous or oral fluid administration for mild to moderate disease. A blood transfusion may be necessary in more severe situations. Every year, some 500,000 people need to be hospitalized. Ibuprofen is one example of an NSAID that should never be taken.

Since the Second World War, dengue has become a widespread issue in more than 110 nations. Between 50 and 528 million people get infected each year, and 10 to 20 thousand to 20,000 people pass away. The first accounts of an outbreak date back to 1779. The early 20th century saw the understanding of its viral cause and dissemination. Along with eradicating mosquitoes, efforts are being made to develop drugs that attack the virus directly.