Goitre

Subject: Community Health Nursing II

Overview

A goiter is an enlargement of the thyroid gland brought on by a high level of TSH production. Reduced, normal, or enhanced thyroid function may be linked to goiter. Goiter is brought on by iodine deficiency in food and water, as well as disorders of the pituitary and thyroid glands. The clinical signs of goiter include slowing down children's growth and development as well as thyroid gland enlargement.

Goitre

A goitre is an enlargement of the thyroid gland brought on by a high level of TSH production. When the thyroid gland's lateral lobe is greater than the terminal phalanx of the brown thumb, thyromegaly is suspected. Reduced, normal, or enhanced thyroid function may be linked to goiter. Goiter can be categorized as sporadic or endemic, congenital or acquired.

Causes

  • Deficiency of iodine in food and water.
  • Disease of the pituitary gland and thyroid gland.

Clinical Features

  • Delay growth and development of children.
  • Sign and symptoms of hypothyroidism eg.weight gain, cold intolerance, dry flaky skin, and hair.
  • Enlargement of thyroid gland.
  • Myxoedema which is most marked in a skin of hands, feet, and eyelids.

Treatment

  • Hypothyroidism should be treated with thyroxin hormone.
  • If it is iodine deficiency goiter, a supplement of potassium iodidr60mg3 times per day is its treatment.

Prevention

  •  Supply iodized salt in iodine -poor areas.
  •  Eat food rich in iodine, such as seafood, fish, sea, fish, cod liver oil, meat, vegetables etc.
  •  Nutritional education.

Reference

  • Ambika Rai, Kabita Dahal. Community Health Nursing II. Kathmandu: Makalu Publication House, 2012 (reprint).
  • Adhikari R.K and Krantz M.E, 2001, Child Nutrition and Health, 3rd edition, HLMC
  • Dr.Suwal S.N. & Tuitui R. (2063) A Textbook of Community Health Nursing, 1st edition, Vidyarthi Prakashan (P). Ltd. Kamalpokhari, Kathmandu
  • Mandal, G.N. Textbook of Adult Nursing. Kathmandu: Makalu Publication House, 2013.
  • MedicineNet. 1996. 2017 http://www.medicinenet.com/goiter_causes_symptoms_and_treatment/views.htm
  • Management of the Child with a Serious Infection or Severe Malnutrition, 2000, Department of Child and Adolescent Health & Development, WHO
  • Web MD. 2005. 2017 http://www.webmd.boots.com/women/what-is-a-goitre
Things to remember
  • A goiter is an enlargement of the thyroid gland brought on by a high level of TSH production.
  • It might be linked to decreased, normal, or improved thyroid function.
  • Goiter can be categorized as sporadic or endemic, congenital or acquired.
  • Iodine deficit in diet and water is the cause.
  • Clinical characteristics include: -delay in children's growth and development.
  • expansion of the thyroid gland.

 

Questions and Answers

Goiter is an enlargement of the thyroid gland resulting from the high production of TSH.  Goiter may be associated with diminished, normal or increased thyroid function. Goiter may be classified as congenital or acquired, sporadic or endemic.

 

Causes

  • Iodine deficiency in food and water
  • Pituitary and thyroid gland disease.

Clinical characteristics

  • Postpone children's growth and development.
  • Weight gain, cold intolerance, dry flaky skin and hair are all signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism.
  • Thyroid gland enlargement
  • Myxoedema, which is most noticeable on the skin of the hands, feet, and eyelids.

Treatment

  • Thyroxin hormone should be used to treat hypothyroidism.
  • Iodine deficiency goiter is treated with a potassium iodidr60mg3 times per day supplement.

Prevention

  • Provide iodized salt in iodine-deficient areas.
  • Consume iodine-rich foods such as sea food, fish, sea food, cod liver oil, meat, vegetables, and so on.
  • Nutritional instruction

 

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