Rubella

Subject: Community Health Nursing II

Overview

The rubella virus is what causes the illness known as rubella, sometimes referred to as German measles or three-day measles. Since this illness is frequently mild, 50% of those who have it are unaware that they have it. Two to three weeks after exposure, a rash may appear and remain for three days. Typically, it begins on the face before moving to the rest of the body. The rash is occasionally uncomfortable and not as vivid as the measles rash. Lymph node swelling is typical and can linger for a few weeks. There may also be a fever, sore throat, and exhaustion. Adults often experience joint pain. Problems with bleeding, testicular irritation, and nerve inflammation are possible complications. Rubella is typically disseminated through the air by infected individuals coughing. People are contagious for a week before and after the rash appears. Babies with CRS may continue to spread the illness for over a year.

Rubella

The rubella virus is what causes the illness known as rubella, sometimes referred to as German measles or three-day measles. Since this illness is frequently mild, 50% of those who have it are unaware that they have it. Two to three weeks after exposure, a rash may appear and remain for three days. Typically, it begins on the face before moving to the rest of the body. The rash is occasionally uncomfortable and not as vivid as the measles rash. Lymph node swelling is typical and can linger for a few weeks. There may also be a fever, sore throat, and exhaustion. Adults often experience joint pain. Blood clotting issues, testicular inflammation, and nerve inflammation are possible complications. Early pregnancy infection runs the risk of miscarriage or giving birth to a kid with congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). CRS symptoms include issues with the heart, brain, eyes (such as cataracts), ears (such as deafness), and eyes. After the 20th week of pregnancy, issues are uncommon.

Rubella is typically disseminated through the air by infected individuals coughing. People are contagious for a week before and after the rash appears. Babies with CRS may continue to spread the illness for over a year. Only people can get infected. The disease is not spread by insects. People are resistant to infection after recovering. There are tests that can confirm immunity. The virus might be found in the blood, throat, or urine to confirm the diagnosis. Antibody blood tests could be helpful as well.

PHC Issue

With a single dosage of the rubella vaccination being more than 95% effective, rubella is prevented. It is frequently administered along with the MMR vaccine, which protects against measles, mumps, and rubella. However, with a population vaccination rate under 80%, more women may reach childbearing age without acquiring protection, and problems may worsen. There is no specific treatment available after infection.

Rubella does not have a specific therapy; however, care involves attending to symptoms to reduce discomfort. The focus of neonatal infant treatment is on

Controlling the Complications

  • Direct surgery can be used to treat cataracts and congenital heart abnormalities.

 

REFERENCE

Ambika Rai, Kabita Dahal. Community Health Nursing II. Kathmandu: Makalu Publication House, 2012 (reprint).

Dr.Suwal S.N. & Tuitui R. (2063) A Textbook of Community Health Nursing, 1st edition, Vidyarthi Prakashan (P). Ltd. Kamalpokhari, Kathmandu

HealthLine. 2005. 2017 http://www.healthline.com/health/rubella

KidsHealth. 1995. 2017 http://kidshealth.org/en/parents/german-measles.html

Medscape. 1994. 2017 http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/968523-overview

NHS Choice. http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Rubella/Pages/Introduction.aspx

Tuitui, Roshani. Community Health Nursing. Kathmandu: Vidyarthi Prakashan (P.)

 

 

 

 
Things to remember
  • The rubella virus is what causes the illness known as rubella, sometimes referred to as German measles or three-day measles.
  • Since this illness is frequently mild, 50% of those who have it are unaware that they have it.
  • Two to three weeks after exposure, a rash may appear and remain for three days.
  • Typically, it begins on the face before moving to the rest of the body.
  • The rash is occasionally uncomfortable and not as vivid as the measles rash.
  • Lymph node swelling is typical and can linger for a few weeks.
  • There may also be a fever, sore throat, and exhaustion.
  • Adults often experience joint pain.
  • Problems with bleeding, testicular swelling, and nerve inflammation are possible complications.
  • Rubella is typically disseminated through the air by infected individuals coughing.
  • People are contagious for a week before and after the rash appears.
  • Babies with CRS may continue to spread the illness for over a year.
  • Only people can get infected. The disease is not spread by insects.
  • The virus might be found in the blood, throat, or urine to confirm the diagnosis. Antibody blood tests could be helpful as well.
  • With a single dosage of the rubella vaccination being more than 95% effective, rubella is prevented.
  • It is frequently administered along with the MMR vaccine, which protects against measles, mumps, and rubella.
  • Rubella does not have a specific therapy; however, care involves attending to symptoms to reduce discomfort.
Questions and Answers

The rubella virus is responsible for the infection known as rubella, German measles, or three-day measles. A rash may appear two weeks after exposure and last for three days. This illness is frequently mild, with half of those affected not even realizing they are ill. Usually, it begins on the face before moving to other body parts. A fever, sore throat, fatigue, and joint pain are common in adults. The rash is not as bright as that of the measles and can occasionally be itchy. Swollen lymph nodes are frequent and can last for a few weeks. Infection during early pregnancy may cause a child to be born with congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) or miscarriage. Complications include bleeding issues, testicular swelling, and nerve inflammation. CRS symptoms include issues with the heart, brain, eyes (such as cataracts), ears (such as deafness), and ears. After, issues are uncommon. Symptoms of CRS include problems with the eyes such ascataracts, ears such asdeafness, heart, and brain. Problems are rare after the 20th week of pregnancy.

Rubella is often disseminated through the air by infected individuals coughing. People are contagious for a week before and after the rash appears. Babies with CRS may continue to spread the illness for over a year. Only people can get infected. The disease is not spread by insects. After healing, a person is resistant to infection in the future. Immunity can be tested for, and the virus can be discovered in the blood, throat, or urine to confirm the diagnosis. Antibody blood testing could be helpful as well.

With a single dosage of the rubella vaccination being more than 95% effective, rubella is prevented. It is frequently administered along with the MMR vaccine, which protects against measles, mumps, and rubella. However, with a population vaccination rate under 80%, more women may reach childbearing age without acquiring protection, and problems may worsen. There is no specific treatment available after infection. Rubella does not have a specific therapy, however, care involves attending to symptoms to reduce discomfort. The focus of neonatal infant treatment is on controlling the complications. Direct surgery can be used to treat cataracts and congenital heart abnormalities.

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