International and National Health Oraganizations Working In Nepal

International and National Health Organizations Working in Nepal

Concept of NGOs and INGOS

In Nepal, NGOs started to emerge as early as 1950, and their number increased to 220 in 1990 1210 in 1993, the rapid increase in the number might have been favored by the restoration of a multi-party democracy in 1990 from the one-party Panchyat government in Nepal. The political ideology of a country needs to favor the functioning of NGOs, if they are to flourish. An NGO needs to be registered at the District Administration Office with necessary information that includes name and address, objectives of the organization, source of funding, and names of any management committee members, the organization needs to be affiliated with the Social Welfare Council of the Government of Nepal, and its programme and any foreign aid needs the approval of the Council According to the Social Welfare Council, there were 39,759 NGOS registered between 1977 and 2014 in Nepal. 

NGOS

Unaffected by political ideologies and beliefs, a non-governmental organization (NGO) is a social organization driven to work in fields such as religion, socioculture, economics, education, the environment, women, children, etc. It is a nonprofit social organization that was created after being officially registered at the office of the Chief District Officer and connected to the Social Welfare Council (SWC) to assist those who are socially and economically disadvantaged.

INGOS:

Referred to as private voluntary organizations (PVOS), some government funding is provided. Through various programs and operations, INGOS' main goal is to support community-based groups in each nation. Some INGOs are advocacy-based, which means that their main goal is to affect how governments in various nations make decisions about particular issues or to raise public awareness of a particular topic. Both operational projects and advocacy campaigns are jointly carried out by several of the big INGOs in various nations.

• Multilateral :The term multilateral means that funding comes from multiple governments (as well as from non- governmental sources) and is distributed to many different countries.
• Bilateral: Bilateral agencies are governmental agencies in a single country which provide aid to developing countries. The largest of these is the United States Agency for International Development (USAID)

International and National Health Organizations Working in Nepal

Multilateral Organizations :

 Multilateral organizations obtain their funding from multiple governments and spend it on projects in various countries.

World Health Organization (WHO)

More than 8000 people from more than 150 countries work for the Organization in 147 country offices, six regional offices and at the headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland."

The WHO was set up shortly after the Second World War as a multilateral health organization uniting country in the common goals of fighting disease and achieving better health for the world.

The WHO provides an advice, assistance to countries requesting for such help in the field of maternal and child health, nutrition, environmental sanitation, professional education, nursing health education of the public and mental health etc.

The objective of WHO is "the attainment by all people, the highest possible level of health The WHO defines "Health" as a "state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely an absence of disease and infirmity". - 1948.

The enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health is one of the fundamental rights of every human being without distinction of race, religion, and political belief, economic and sucial condition.

Functions

• Identifying global health policies and initiatives
• To evaluate the results of the prior year.
• It aids in or supports national health programs to manage illnesses of public health importance and the elimination of diseases (communicable and non-communicable).
• By supplying health professionals in many disciplines, it aids the nations.
• Prevention and containment of epidemics of certain diseases.
• To accept the budget for the coming fiscal year.
• Programs for fellowships.
• Health-related research, books, and information collaboration with other organizations

International Health Regulations (IHR)

There are 196 nations on the planet that are subject to the International Health Regulations (IHR), including all of the WHO Member States.

They were approved by the World Health Assembly in 1969, and their purpose is to assist the international community in preventing and dealing with public health emergencies that might harm people everywhere.

IHR is mostly used for:

• IHR is the primary mechanism at the international level for preventing the spread of disc
• It inspires nations to construct various degrees of capacity and efficient monitoring systems.
• Ensures quick communication to WHO within 24 hours of situations that might constitute a public health emergency of global importance.
• Provides adequate emergency public health response.

World Bank

The World Bank assists the developing countries to improve the quality of life by advancing loans The area where the bank has aided includes: education, control of communicable diseases, water supply and sanitation, communication, population control, malaria and HIV/AIDS, blind control, construction of roads etc.

UNICEF (United Nations International Children's Education Fund)

The United Nations International Children's Education Fund (UNICEF) works for the wellas children across the globe. Improving the health of the world's children is one of UNICEF's primary objectives, and it devotes most of its budget to achieving this goal.

UNDP (United Nations Development Program)

UNDP (United Nations Development Program)UNDP build local capacity by helping countries to incorporate best practices and resources from around the world into national efforts to combat local problems UNDP build local capacity by helping countries to incorporate best practices and resources from around the world into national efforts to combat local problems

USAID (United States Agency for International Development)

According to its website, USAID is an Independent agency that provides economic, development and humanitarian assistance around the world in support of the foreign policy goals of the United States." In the area of global health, USAID implements HIV/AIDS prevention, care, and treatment programs, strengthens health systems, fights infectious diseases and strives to improve maternal and child health through immunization, better nutrition etc.

International Red Cross Society (IRCS)

This is the largest humanitarian organization which drives towards the creation of better society.It works on the principle of "peace through humanity." The primary activities of IRCS are:

• Evacuation of war casualties and disaster relief.
• Promotion of voluntary blood donation and collection of blood for transfusion.
• Ambulance and nursing services, and training courses in first aid/rescue operations
• Establishment of working women hostels, homes for aged and mentally retarded and HIV prevention programme.
• Maternity and child welfare.
• Promotion of juniors / youth red cross
• Medical relief and rehabilitation

U.S.PHS (U.S. Public Health Service):

The U.S. Public Health Service is a governmental agency that serves the nation's public health needs, performing research for the prevention, treatment, and eradication of disease, creating partnerships with others to address global health challenges as well as ensuring timely and effective response to disease epidemics.

Cooperative for American Relief Everywhere (CARE)

The CARE is non-profit, non-governmental organization of the United States created in 1946. The primary objective of this organization is to send food from American donors to people of war devastated Europe. The CARE is non-profit, non-governmental organization of the United States created in 1946. The primary objective of this organization is to send food from American donors to people of war devastated Europe.

International Labour Organization (ILO)

In 1919, the international labour organization was established as an affiliate of the League of Nations to improve the working and the living condition of working population all over the world. Headquarter of ILO is in Geneva, Switzerland.

Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)

The Food and Agriculture Organization was formed in 1945 with HQ in Rome. The joint WHO/FAD expert committees have provided the basis for many cooperative activities- nutritional surveys, training courses, seminars and the coordination of research programmes on brucellosis and another zoonosis.The core functions of the FAO include:

• Assisting member states and the international financing institutions with the programming of their investments in agriculture.
• Contributing to emergency and post-emergency assistance at member states' request, through its global network of experts, and
• Developing international instruments, norms and standards Australian Multilateral Assessment (FAO) March 2012.
• Providing advice and capacity-building for agricultural policy makers.
• Collecting, analyzing and disseminating information and statistics to its members, Particularly about medium and long-term trends.