Used of Special Orthopedic Equipment

Subject: Medical and Surgical Nursing I (Theory)

Overview

Beds and frames, traction, splints, plaster, cradles, crutches, walkers, and other orthopedic devices are employed. There are two types of bedframes. Improvised litter frames and a double frame. There are many different types of traction, but their main functions are to straighten and stabilize bone fractures, such as a broken arm or leg, and to lessen discomfort prior to surgery. Splints come in five different varieties and are used to keep the bone stable while the edema subsides, avoid complications down the road, etc. Plaster bandages are created by combining a cotton bandage with plaster of paris, which hardens when it is moist. Patients who can bear weight on the affected limb but need some support typically utilize walkers and canes as mobilization aids.

Bed and Frames

When a patient needs to often change positions while immobilized, from supine to prone, turning frames are utilized to provide immobilization and facilitate nursing care. A revolving frame is utilized in the treatment of patients with illnesses like spinal cord injuries and severe burns in addition to its orthopedic applications.

Types
- Two frames.
- Made-up litter boxes.

Traction

The act of slowly and delicately tugging on a broken or misaligned physical part is referred to as traction. Frequently, ropes, pulleys, and weights are used. These instruments aid in exerting force on the tissues close to the injured area.

Traction serves to stabilize and support the body component while it is guided back into position. Uses for traction include

Bone fractures, such as a broken arm or leg, should be stabilized and realigned.
A fracture's discomfort can be lessened before surgery.
Treat skeletal abnormalities brought on by disorders like scoliosis.
Relieve tight and restricted tendons, joints, muscles, and skin.
Stretching your neck will help you avoid uncomfortable muscular spasms.

Types of Traction

Skeletal Traction
- In order to apply skeletal traction, a pin, wire, or screw must be inserted into the broken bone. Weights are connected to one of these devices after it has been placed so that the bone can be pushed into the proper position.
Skin Traction
- Compared to skeletal traction, skin traction is far less intrusive. It entails covering the skin beneath the fracture with bandages, sticky tapes, or splints. Weights are attached to the material after the substance has been applied. A pulley system attached to the hospital bed is then used to pull the injured body part into the appropriate position.
Cervical Traction
- Your neck is encircled by a metal brace while you're receiving cervical traction. The problematic area is then corrected using weights or a body harness that are affixed to the brace.

Splints

A device to immobilize a bodily part made of a tiny strip of wood that has been broken or peeled off of a larger portion. a tool used to stabilize, protect, or support oral structures that have been cracked, loosened, replanted, or otherwise damaged.

Purposes Are:

To maintain bone stability while the swelling is getting better.
To avoid more complications.
Emergency first aid to be given.

Types of Splint

Wire splint for a crammer.
Braun Bohler splint.
4-post collar.
Taylor stiffens.
Spinal collar

Plaster

An orthopedic cast, also known as a body cast, plaster cast, or surgical cast, is a protective shell that surrounds a limb (or, in some cases, large portions of the body) to stabilize and hold anatomical structures, most frequently a broken bone (or broken bones), in place until healing is confirmed. It performs duties akin to those of a splint.
Plaster bandages are created by combining a cotton bandage with plaster of paris, which hardens when it is moist. Gypsum that has been calcined (roasted) and milled into a fine powder is what makes plaster of Paris. Heat is created when calcium sulfate changes from the more soluble form to the relatively insoluble form when water is added.

Cradle

A frame that is placed over a patient's body while they are in bed to provide heat or cold or to shield wounded areas from contact with the bedclothes. Cradles can be used over the full body or over one or more limbs and range in size depending on their intended use.

Crutch

Patients with injured lower extremities can increase independence and ambulation by using crutches. An aid to movement that shifts weight from the legs to the upper body is a crutch. It is frequently used by people who are unable to support their weight on their legs due to conditions ranging from temporary injuries to permanent disabilities.

Walker

Patients who can bear weight on the affected limb but need some support typically utilize walkers and canes as mobilization aids. The patient should maintain his weight when using a walker by using his arms and upper body muscles.

References

allinahealth.org/CCS/doc/Alternative_Medicine/48/20161.htm
blogroll.net/article.php?n=2536
e621.net/wiki/show/crutch
healthline.com › Reference Library
Mandal, G. (August 2013). A Textbook of Adult Health Nursing (2nd ed.). Dilllibazar kathmandu: Makalu publication house. Retrieved August 2013
medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/bed+cradle
pinterest.se/pin/349451252318306367/
quizlet.com/167607608/musculoskeletal-med-surge-flash-cards/
revolvy.com/main/index.php?s=Cast%20(orthopedic)&item_type=topic
revolvy.co/main/index.php?s=SPICA
slideshare.net/sperohealthcare/traction-59926021
spineuniverse.com › Treatments › Spinal Bracing
slideshare.net/vhjokhi/splint-ppt-by-rupeshkumar
scribd.com/document/48033369/Orthopedic-cast
slideshare.net/sperohealthcare/traction-59926021

Things to remember

Turning frames are a tool used to immobilize the patient and facilitate nursing care.
The act of slowly and delicately tugging on a broken or misaligned physical part is referred to as traction.
A device to immobilize a bodily part made of a tiny strip of wood that has been broken or peeled off of a larger portion.
Until healing is proven, plaster is used to fix and keep anatomical structures, most frequently a broken bone (or bones), in place.
Patients with injured lower extremities can increase independence and ambulation by using crutches.

Questions and Answers

Define traction.

Traction

The process of slowly and delicately tugging on a broken or misaligned physical component is referred to as traction. Frequently, ropes, pulleys, and weights are used. These instruments aid in exerting force on the tissues close to the injured region.

Define crutches.

Crutch

Patients with injured lower extremities can promote independence and ambulation by using crutches. An aid to mobility that shifts weight from the legs to the upper body is a crutch. It is frequently used by people who are unable to support their weight on their legs due to conditions ranging from temporary injuries to permanent disabilities.

Write short npte on splint.

Splints

A device to immobilize a body part made of a narrow strip of wood that has been split or peeled off of a larger piece. a tool used to stabilize, protect, or support oral structures that have been fractured, loosened, replanted, or otherwise damaged.

Purposes:

To keep the bone stable until the swelling improves.
To prevent secondary complication.
To provide emergency first aid.