Urinary Bladder Stone

Subject: Medical and Surgical Nursing I (Theory)

Overview

An obstruction in the urinary bladder is known as a bladder stone (vesical calculus). It could arise from the kidneys and ureters or it might develop in the bladder. Its reasons include an enlarged prostate, a tract infection, prolonged catheter usage, etc. Blood in the urine, difficulty urinating, frequent urges to pee, interruptions in the urine stream, urinary tract infections, etc. are some of its symptoms. If the stones are small, drinking 6-8 glasses of water or more every day to increase urination may help them pass. Rarely is medication used to dissolve the stones. suggest a diet to the patient. Avoid taking additional calcium or vitamin D. They might encourage the growth of new stones. At each meal, consume no more than 3 ounces of meat. Consume enough carbs.

Urinary Bladder Stone

Bladder stone (vesical calculus)is a stone found in the urinary bladder. It may develop in the bladder or may come down from the kidneys and ureters.

Causes

  • Bladder diverticulum.
  • Enlarged prostate.
  • Neurogenic bladder.
  • Tract infection.
  • Prolong use of catheters.

Signs and Symptoms

  • Abdominal pain, pressure.
  • Abnormally coloured or dark coloured urine.
  • Blood in the urine.
  • Difficulty in urinating.
  • Frequent urge to urinate.
  • Interruption of the urine stream.
  • Urinary tract infection.

Diagnosis

  • Physical examination, including rectal examination.
  • Bladder or pelvic x-ray.
  • Cystoscopy.
  • Urinalysis.
  • Urine culture ultrasonography.
  • Intravenous pyelogram.

Treatment

  • Drinking 6-8 glasses of water or more per day to increase urination may help the stones pass if they are small.
  • Remove stones that do not pass on their own using a cystoscope.
  • Same stones may need to be removed using open surgery.
  • Medication is rarely used to dissolve the stones.
  • For bladder stone with BPH(TURP) can be done to remove the stone.

Nursing Management

  • Fluids :
    • Drinking a lot of fluid is important for treating and preventing all type of bladder stone. Staying hydrated will keep the urine diluted and that makes it less likely stones will form.
  • Advise the patient to drink plenty of fluids
    • Water is best
    • Drink enough liquids throughout the day to make at least 2 quarts of urine every 24 hours.
  • Suggest the patient on diet
    • Consume less salt. Tomato juice, ordinary canned foods, Chinese and Mexican food, regular canned foods, and processed meals are frequently heavy in salt. Try to find unsalted or low-salt goods.
    • Have no more than 2 or 3 servings of high-calcium foods each day. Milk, cheese, yogurt, oysters, and tofu are a few of them.
    • Oranges, lemonade, and lemons are healthy foods.
    • You should limit your protein intake. Elect for lean foods.
    • Best is a low-fat diet.
    • Avoid taking more calcium or vitamin D. More stones might develop as a result of them.
    • Avoid antacids that contain additional calcium.
    • At each meal, consume no more than 3 ounces of meat.
    • Avoid fatty foods like ice cream, fried foods, and salad dressings.
    • Consume enough carbs.

References

  • facebook.com/drtejanshushah/posts/768124553231887?comment_id=7574845&comment_tracking=%7B%22tn%22%3A%22R0%22%7D
  • familydoctor.org/changing-your-diet-choosing-nutrient-rich-foods/
  • health.gov/dietaryguidelines/dga95/variety.htm
  • Mandal, G. (August 2013). A Textbook of Adult Health Nursing (2nd ed.). Dilllibazar kathmandu: Makalu publication house. Retrieved August 2013
  • niddk.nih.gov/health-information/kidney-disease/kidney-failure/hemodialysis/eating-nutrition
  • patient.info/health/healthy-eating
  • patient.info/health/mediterranean-diet
Things to remember
  • Urinary bladder stones can form in the bladder or can exit the kidneys and ureters and descend into the bladder.
  • Cause, continued usage of catheters
  • Pee that is unusually black or colored, signs such as blood in the urine.
  • Rectal examination is part of the physical examination.
  • Throughout the day, consume enough liquids to produce at least 2 quarts of pee every 24 hours.
  • Look for unsalted or low-sodium items.
  • At each meal, don't consume more than 3 ounces of meat.
  • Maintaining hydration will keep the urine diluted, which reduces the likelihood that stones may develop.
Questions and Answers

An obstruction in the urinary bladder is known as a bladder stone (vesical calculus). It might arise from the kidneys and ureters or it might develop in the bladder.

Nursing Management

  • Fluids 
    • Fluid intake is crucial for both treating and avoiding all bladder stone types. Staying hydrated keeps the urine diluted, which reduces the likelihood that stones may form.
  • Encourage The Patient to Drink a Lot of Water
    • Best is water.
    • Throughout the day, consume enough liquids to produce at least 2 quarts of pee every 24 hours.
  • Suggest a Diet to The Patient
    • Consume less salt. Tomato juice, regular canned foods, Chinese and Mexican cuisine, as well as processed foods, are frequently high in salt. Look for unsalted or low-sodium products.
    • Have no more than 2 or 3 servings of high-calcium foods per day. Milk, cheese, yogurt, oysters, and tofu are a few of these.
    • Oranges, lemonade, and lemons are healthy foods.
    • You should limit your protein intake. Elect for lean meats.
    • Best is a low-fat diet.
    • Avoid taking more calcium or vitamin D. They might encourage the growth of new stones.
    • Avoid antacids that include additional calcium.
    • At each meal, consume no more than 3 ounces of meat.
    • Avoid fatty foods like ice cream, salad dressings, and fried dishes.
    • Consume enough carbs.

Urinary Bladder Stone

An obstruction in the urinary bladder is known as a bladder stone (vesical calculus). It might arise from the kidneys and ureters or it might develop in the bladder.

Causes

  • Diverticular bladder
  • Prostate growth
  • Bladder tract infection with neurogenesis
  • Continued usage of catheters

Signs and Symptoms

  • Abdominal pressure and pain
  • Urine that is unusually colored or dark in color
  • Urine with blood in it
  • Having trouble urinating
  • Urge to urinate frequently
  • Interruption in the flow of urine
  • Infection of the urinary tract

Diagnosis

  • Rectal examination is part of the physical examination.
  • A pelvic or bladder x-ray
  • Cystoscopy
  • Urinalysis
  • Urine ultrasonography culture
  • Interstitial pyelogram

Treatment

  • If the stones are little, drinking 6-8 glasses of water or more every day to enhance urine may assist them pass.
  • Using a cystoscope, remove stones that won't pass on their own.
  • Open surgery might be required to remove the same stones.
  • Rarely is medication used to dissolve the stones.
  • BPH and bladder stones can both be treated with TURP to remove the stone.

Nursing Management

  • Fluids 
    • Fluid intake is crucial for both treating and preventing all bladder stone types. Staying hydrated keeps the urine diluted, which reduces the likelihood that stones will form.
  • Encourage the Patient to Drink a Lot of Water
    • Best is water.
    • Throughout the day, consume enough liquids to produce at least 2 quarts of urine every 24 hours.
  • Suggest a diet to the patient
    • Consume less salt. Tomato juice, ordinary canned goods, Chinese and Mexican cuisine, as well as processed meals, are frequently heavy in salt. Look for unsalted or low-sodium items.
    • Have no more than 2 or 3 servings of high-calcium foods each day. Milk, cheese, yogurt, oysters, and tofu are a few of these.
    • Oranges, lemonade, and lemons are healthy foods.
    • You should limit your protein intake. Elect for lean foods.
    • Best is a low-fat diet.
    • Avoid taking additional calcium or vitamin D. They might encourage the growth of new stones.
    • Avoid antacids that include additional calcium.
    • At each meal, consume no more than 3 ounces of meat.
    • Avoid fatty foods like ice cream, salad dressings, and fried foods.
    • Consume enough carbs.

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