Benign Prostate Hypertrophy

Subject: Medical and Surgical Nursing I (Theory)

Overview

A histologic diagnosis known as benign prostatic hypertrophy is defined by the proliferation of the prostate's cellular components. Inhibited preprogrammed cell death (apoptosis), epithelial and stromal growth, or both can lead to cellular accumulation and gland enlargement. Dihydrotestosterone is the primary prostatic intracellular androgen, and as men age, their ability to produce androgenic hormones declines, leading to an imbalance in the levels of androgen and estrogen. Weak urine stream, difficulty starting urination, increased frequency of urination in the middle of the night, bladder stone formation, etc. are some of its symptoms. Excretory urography may reveal bladder filling and emptying defects, hydronephrosis, calculi or tumors, and obstructions of the urinary tract. The two drugs used to treat BPH are 5a-reductase inhibitors and alpha blockers.

Benign Prostate Hypertrophy

It is a histologic diagnosis characterized by proliferation of the cellular elements of the prostate. Cellular accumulation and gland enlargement may result from epithelial and stromal proliferation, impaired preprogrammed cell death(apoptosis) or both.

Causes

A link between benign prostastic hyperplasia and hormonal activity suggests. As males age production of androgenic hormones decreases, causing an imbalance in androgen and estrogen levels of dihydrotestosterone, the main prostatic intracellular androgen.

Other Causes

  • Neoplasm.
  • Arteriosclerosis.
  • Inflammation.
  • Metabolic imbalance.
  • Nutritional disturbances.

Signs and Symptoms

  • Weak urine stream.
  • Difficulty starting urination.
  • Dribbling at end of urination.
  • Frequent or urgent need to urinate.
  • Increased frequency of urination at mid night.
  • Formation of stone in bladder.
  • Reduced kidney function.

Investigation

  • Excretory urography may indicate urinary tract obstruction, hydronephrosis, calculi or tumors and filling and emptying defects in the bladder.
  • Elevated blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine levels suggest impaired renal function.
  • Urinalysis and urine culture.
  • Cystourethroscop.
  • Intravenous pyelography.
  • Transrectal prostatic ultrasound(TRUP).
  • Prostate-specific antigen test to rule out prostatic cancer.

Treatment

Medication

The two medications for management of BPH are:

  • Alpha blockers.
  • 5a-reductase inhibitors.

Nursing management

  • Acute urinary retention relief.
  • Encourage comfort.
  • Give details on the cause, prognosis, and required treatments for the condition.
  • Keep difficulties at bay.
  • Help the client with their psychosocial issues.
  • Educate people on the importance of maintaining a high fluid intake and keeping an eye on their urine production.
  • Teach patient to recognize the signs of UTI.

References

  • scribd.com/document/78330790/BPH1
  • coursehero.com › Central Texas College › NURS › NURS 101
  • medigoo.com/articles/prostate-hyperplasia/

  • Mandal, G. (August 2013). A Textbook of Adult Health Nursing (2nd ed.). Dilllibazar kathmandu: Makalu publication house. Retrieved August 2013

  • nandanursing.com/2013/04

  • nandanursing.com/page/2
  • nursingdirectorys.com/2011/01/ncp-nursing-care-plan-for-benign.html
  • health-care-clinic.org/diseases/begin-prostatic-hyperplasia.html
Things to remember
  • Benign A histologic diagnosis known as prostatic hypertrophy is defined by proliferation of the prostate's cellular components.
  • metabolic disorder, causes of nutritional disorders.
  • bladder stone development signs of diminished kidney function.
  • Elevated levels of serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen point to impaired renal function.
  • Prostatic cancer can be ruled out with a prostate-specific antigen test.
  • Keep difficulties at bay.
  • acute urinary retention relief
Questions and Answers

It is a histologic diagnostic marked by proliferation of the prostate's cellular components. Inhibited preprogrammed cell death (apoptosis), epithelial and stromal growth, or both can lead to cellular accumulation and gland enlargement.

Causes

There may be a connection between hormonal activity and benign prostastic hyperplasia. Dihydrotestosterone is the primary prostatic intracellular androgen, and as men age, their ability to produce androgenic hormones declines, leading to an imbalance in the levels of androgen and estrogen.

Other Causes

  • Neoplasm
  • Arteriosclerosis
  • Inflammation
  • Metabolic disorder
  • Alterations in nutrition

Signs and Symptoms

  • Weak urine flow
  • Difficulty beginning to urinate
  • Final dribble after urination
  • Urge to urinate frequently or immediately
  • Increased frequency of nighttime urination
  • Bladder stone development
  • Decreased kidney performance

Treatment

Medication

The two drugs used to treat BPH are as follows:

  • Alpha blockers
  • 5a-reductase inhibitors

Nursing Management

  • Acute urinary retention relief
  • Encourage comfort
  • Give details on the cause, prognosis, and required treatments for the disease.
  • Keep difficulties at bay.
  • Help the customer with their psychosocial issues.
  • Educate them on the need of maintaining a high fluid intake and keeping an eye on their urine production.

Teach the patient how to spot an UTI

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