Hearing Defect

Subject: Child Health Nursing

Overview

The impairment of hearing is a hearing defect. Conductive deafness, which results from any obstruction of the passage of sound from the external ear to the middle ear, is one of the various types of hearing impairment. Lesions in the labyrinth 8th cranial nerve, which cause malfunction in the acoustic 8th cranial nerve or sensory deafness, are known as sensory or neural deafness. External ear wax, foreign bodies, tympanic membrane rupture, abnormal growth-malignancy, acute otitis media, CSOM, and eustachian block and dysfunction are the reasons of a conductive hearing deficit. The use of ototoxic drugs like quinine, streptomycin, tetracycline, kanamycin, head trauma or brain tumors, and infections like mumps, rubella, enteric fever, encephalitis, meningitis, and labyrinthitis are the causes of sensory or neural deafness.

Hearing defect

It is the impairment of hearing. 

Conductive deafness: It happens when sound traveling from the external ear to the middle ear is interrupted.

Causes

  • External ear wax, foreign body
  • Rupture of tympanic membrane
  • Abnormal growth- malignancy
  • Acute otitis media, CSOM.
  • Eustachian block and dysfunction

Sensory or neural deafness-

It is known as acoustic or labyrinthine 8th cranial nerve dysfunction when there are lesions in this area that affect the cochlea.

It results in a breakdown in sound impulse transmission to the inner ear or brain. Functional deafness is among them.

Causes

  • Congenital
  • Use of ototoxic medicines such as kanamycin, quinine, streptomycin, and tetracycline.
  • Brain tumors or head injuries
  • Mumps, rubella, enteric fever, encephalitis, meningitis, and labyrinthitis, among others.
  • DM, HTN, and stenosis
  • Noise pollution

 
Things to remember
  • The impairment of hearing is a hearing defect.
  • The various hearing defects include conductive deafness, which is caused by any obstruction to the flow of sound from the outer ear to the middle ear.
  • External ear wax, foreign bodies, tympanic membrane rupture, abnormal growth-malignancy, acute otitis media, CSOM, and eustachian block and dysfunction are the causes of a conductive hearing defect.
  • Lesions in the labyrinth 8th cranial nerve, which cause dysfunction in the acoustic 8th cranial nerve or sensory deafness, are known as sensory or neural deafness.
  • The use of ototoxic drugs like quinine, streptomycin, tetracycline, kanamycin, head trauma or brain tumors, and infections like mumps, rubella, enteric fever, encephalitis, meningitis, and labyrinthitis are the causes of sensory or neural deafness.
Questions and Answers

Types

Any interruption of the sound's path from the external ear to the middle ear causes conductive deafness.

Causes

  • External ear wax, foreign body
  • Rupture of tympanic membrane
  • Abnormal growth- malignancy
  • Acute otitis media, CSOM.
  • Eustachian block and dysfunction

Sensory or Neural Deafness

It is known as acoustic or labyrinthine 8th cranial nerve dysfunction when there are lesions in this area that affect the cochlea.

It results in a breakdown in sound impulse transmission to the inner ear or brain. Functional deafness is among them.

Cause

  • Congenital
    • Use of ototoxic drugs like quinine, streptomycin, tetracycline, kanamycin.
    • Head trauma or brain tumors.
    • Infections like mumps, rubella, enteric fever, encephalitis, meningitis, labyrinthitis.
    • DM, HTN, arteriosclerosis.

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