Infant

Birth to 2 months

• Gross motor

  • Prone: Legs should be under your hips, elbows should be stretched, and hands should be fisted. Tilt your head to one side.

  • Supine: When the head is turned to one side, the limbs on that side extend, and the limbs on the opposite side flex, there is a tonic neck reflex.

  • Pulled to sit:

    • Marked head lag

    • Placing and working reflexes are present

    • Palmar and plantar grasp reflexes are also present.

  • Ventral suspension:

    • Head and hips are flexed.
    • Limbs hang downward.

• Fine motor and vision:

  • Students respond with light
  • A sudden bright light causes an optical closure
  • Present doll's eye reflex
  • Turning the head and eyes to the light

• Hearing and speech:

  • Crashes into tears.
  • Changes as a result of voice
  • Startled response to an unexpected loud noise
  • Eye frequently corners toward the source of sound
  • Makes vocalizations.

• Social behavior:

  •  Does most of his sleeping
  •  The swallowing, sucking, and rooting reflexes are all present.
  •  Hands are usually clasped.
  •  A social smile (4 weeks), or an unprompted smile.
  • Drops the toys.

3 months - 5 months

• Gross motor:

  • Supine: Limbs move symmetrically with the head in the middle.

  • Prone: Using the forearm as support, raises the head and chest above the couch.

  • Pulled to sit: Two months or less of head lag

  • Held to sitting: Except in the lumber region, the back is straight

  • Held standing: Sags at knees

  • Ventral suspension: Hips and shoulders extended, head held high above the line of the body.

• Fine motor and vision:

  • Follows light as it is 180 degrees through.
  • There is defensive blinking
  • Looks at mother's face.

• Hearing and speech:

  • When spoken to or happy, vocalizes in a pleasant manner.
  • mute the clatter or the sound of the spoon hitting the cup.
  • Tums at the nearby voice.

• Social behaviour:

  • A joyful reaction to the mother's face when feeding
  • Laugh out loud at amusing social
  • Dynamic grip
  • Expects meals on a modest.

6 months - 8 months

• Gross motor

  • Supine:

    • Heads up off of pillows.
    • Lifts the legs to the vertical position (5 months).
    • Catches feet.

  • Prone:

    • Lifts the head and chest up while supporting the weight during prolonged warmups.

  • Pulled to sit:

    • Extends an arm and raises his head in eager expectancy.
    • Straight back, supportive seat
    • Can roll over from prone to supine and from supine to prone (5 months) (6 months)

  • Held standing:

    • Takes weight with legs extended.
    • Present downward parachute reflex

• Fine motor and vision:

  • Utilizes one hand to reach.
  • Follows dangling ball wherever it goes.
  • Unbroken movement of both eyes
  • Utilizes the entire hand as the palmer grip
  • Objects are moved midline from one hand to another.

• Hearing and speech:

  • Sings melodiously in single or double syllables, for example. Dad, dah, goo.
  • Response to hearing tests conducted at ear-level by one foot.
  • Yells to get attention

• Social behavior:

  • Puts everything in his mouth
  • Looks at and plays with hands and feet.
  • Response to active play that is happy
  • Sits alone for a brief time
  • "Bye-bye" is laminated
  • Is prevented by the letter "NO"

9 months

• Gross motor:

  • Can sit without assistance (8 months)
  • Grasp for the toy inside (9 months)
  • Swivels to grab toy from behind (10 months )
  • Attempts to stand (10 months) and bumps into furniture before falling.
  • Can scurry (10 months)

• Fine motor and vision:

  • Switch to peripheral vision visually
  • Holds the strings between the thumb and index finger.
  • Observes a ball being rolled at 10 feet.
  • Drops an object and observes falling things.

• Hearing and speech:

  • Locates sound at a distance of 3-6 feet above or below ear level.
  • Utter extended, monotonous "strings" of syllables ( baba, dada, gaga )
  • Mimics playful sounds made by adults.

• Social behaviour:

  • Chews a biscuit while holding bites.
  • Exists a fear of strangers
  • Plays peek-a-boo and starts clapping hands.
  • Holds bell by handle and rings it only once.
  • Find the half hidden toy.
  • Follow simple verbal instructions, such as "Come here, give it to me."

12 months

• Gross motor:

  • Can balance on furniture and walk ( 11 months )
  • Walks with one hand (12 months )
  • Saunters like a bear.

• Fine motor and vision:

  • Search for toys that have fallen or been hidden ( 10 months )
  • Observes a small toy being dragged ten feet across the room.
  • Holds two cubes while they click together constraint
  • Tries to turn the pages of a book while erecting a tower of two cubes.

• Hearing and speech:

  • Knows and quickly calls out their own name
  • Speaks a few real words for the first time.
  • Five to six words.

• Social behavior:

  • Drinks from a cup without much help
  • Assists by holding out an arm during dressing
  • Waves good-bye
  • Discovers secret toy immediately
  • Upon request, provides toys

• To establish how the body works.
• To acquire the ability to consume both liquid and solid food.
• To cry, smile, or display another emotional reaction to convey that he or she is in need.
• To gain knowledge of the surroundings by means of exploration.
• To emotionally connect with one's parents and siblings.
• To develop mobility.
• To cultivate the yearning for other people's attention and affection.

Typically, young children between the ages of 1 month and 12 months are referred to as infants. A newborn is an infant who has only been alive for a few hours, days, or even weeks. In medical contexts, a baby within the first 28 days of birth is referred to as a newborn or neonate (from the Latin neonatus, newborn).

• Rapid physical growth characterizes the first year.
• In a healthy body, the weight at birth doubles after six months and triples after a year.
• The growth of the brain, heart, and lungs—the organs most essential to survival—is made possible by the significant increase of the head and chest during that period.
• The bones begin to harden after birth, when they are still relatively soft.
• The small fontanelle in the back of the head starts to calcify around 3 months, and the larger fontanelle in front starts to do so at various ages up to 18 months.
• During infancy, brain weight also rises quickly; by the end of the second year, it has already reached 75% of its adult weight.
• Size and growth are influenced by both genetic predisposition and environmental factors.