Government Health Services

Health Care System

Achieving a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, as opposed to merely the absence of disease or infirmity, is the goal of the health care system, which is a process of organization and systematic delivery of promotive, preventive, curative, and rehabilitative health services or care to the public.

The full range of services provided by all medical specialties is referred to as a health care system. Target populations' healthcare demands are taken into consideration while designing health care systems. Around the world, there are many different types of health care systems.

Health System

The term "health system" refers to all groups, institutions, resources, and individuals whose main goal is to enhance health. This covers direct health improvement initiatives as well as measures to affect health determinants. Through a mix of public health initiatives and a pyramid of healthcare institutions that provide individualized treatment, both state and non-state actors, the health system provides preventative, promotive, and rehabilitative interventions. System for Delivering Healthcare

Health care delivery system refers to the totality of resources that a population or society distributes in the organization and delivery of health population services. It also includes all personal and public services performed by individuals or institutions for the purpose of maintaining or restoring health- Stanhope (2001)

It implies the organization, delivery staffing regulation and quality control.- J.C.Pak(2001)

The health system designed to deliver health services is known as the health care delivery system. It decides how the population is given medical treatment. Planning, setting priorities, mobilizing and distributing resources, converting policy into services, evaluating programs, and promoting health are all included in organizational management. The Ministry of Health & Population agreed to make all necessary medications free in order to offer basic health care services to the underprivileged, sick, and elderly from 25-bed district hospitals to PHC, H& health post levels.

 Objectives of Health Care System:

• To provide equity of health services
• To provide quality essential health services effectively
• To increase access of health serv specially for the poor, destitute, dist senior citizens and FCHV's
• To reduce morbidity and morty specially of the poor, marginalis vulnerable people.
• To secure the responsibility of state and people towards the people's he services.
• To secure right of the citizens to health services

Characters of Health Care System: 

• Appropriate: relevant to the needs,  priorities and policies
• Comprehensive: with optimum preventive, curative and promotive services
• Adequacy: Services proportionate to requirements 
• Availability: ratio between the population on administration unit and the health facilities.
• Affordability: cost of the health care within the means of the individual and states.
• Accessibility: within the reach/contac of geographic, economic and cultural aspects.

Purpose of Health Care System

• Promoting Health services
• Appropriately resources/ technology use
• Healthy life style.
• Monitoring health
• Restoring health

Goals of Health Care System

• To enhance the clinical outcomes of care and the population's state of health.
• To enhance patient, family, and community experiences with care.
• To lessen the overall cost of care and illness.
• To increase social justice equity and the population's level of health.

Types of Health Care Services:

Health care services are often described in a way correlated prevention. with levels of disease

• Primary Prevention: Health Promotion and Illness Prevention.
• Secondary Prevention: Diagnosis and Treatment
• Tertiary Prevention: Rehabilitation, Health Restoration, and Palliative Care

Organizational Structure and Function of Government Health Services:

Delivering preventative, promotional, and curative health services across the nation is the department of health service's (DOHS) main goal. One of the three divisions under the Ministry of Health and Population is the DOHS. How various levels of the healthcare system interact to one another is described in the organizational structures of the ministry of health (DOHS). The MOH/institutional DOHS's architecture designates the health post as the initial point of contact for basic health services. In actuality, though, the HPs serve as the TBAS and FCHV referral centers as well as the locations for community-based health initiatives like PHC outreach clinics, EPI clinics, and various disease eradication initiatives. In a network that extends from HPS to PHCs to district hospitals to regional hospitals to specialty tertiary care centers, each level above the HPS serves as the referral center. The majority of the population can access public health facilities and minor treatment in locations that are convenient for them and at costs they can afford thanks to the referral hierarchy that has been set up. By providing logistical, financial, supervisory, and technical support from the center to the periphery, the system, in reverse, acts as a supporting mechanism for the lower levels.

Health Post

Health Post (HP) is another health care setting set up at Village Development Committee (VDC) or the municipality level. Till now, there are 3805 HPS in the country. Health post provides curative and preventive services to the people. In addition to providing the health services, HP also monitors and supervises the activities of FCHV and TBA. The staffing pattern of HP is:

Primary Health Care Centre (PHCC): Primary Health Care Center is an upper level health care setting established at electoral level (Illaka). With existing 202 PHCCs, it has been providing two emergencies and one maternity bed by a team lead by the following staff

The major tasks of PHCC are general medical health care, family planning services, maternal and child health services and basic laboratory tests.

District Public Health Office (DPHO): DPHO is the main organization that regulates all the activities related to health services at district level. It is the main focal point of district health system in Nepal. The core function of district health system is to improve efficiency, address disparities and improve the health status of the people assuring equitable access to quality health care services, with the help of community participation and inter-sectoral collaboration.