Nepal Leprosy Elimination Project ( NLEP ) and National Program on Immunization

Subject: Leadership and Management (Theory)

Overview

Leprosy was identified as a significant health issue as early as 1950. Only starting in 1960 were coordinated and well-planned efforts to control leprosy. In 1966, the Nepal Leprosy Control Program was established. In 1982, multi-drug treatment was made available in a few hospitals and carefully chosen places across the nation. In 1987, the initiative was included into the overall health care system. Beginning in three districts in 1979 with just two antigens (BCG and DPT), the national immunization program was quickly expanded to cover all 75 districts in 1988 with all six recommended antigens (BCG, DPT, OPV, and measles).The government of Nepal places a high priority on the national immunization program. One of the most economical medical interventions is immunization. NIP has aided in lowering the burden of diseases that can be prevented by vaccination as well as child mortality and morbidity.

Nepal Leprosy Elimination Project ( NLEP )

Leprosy was identified as a significant health issue as early as 1950. Only starting in 1960 were coordinated and well-planned efforts to control leprosy.

In 1966, the Nepal Leprosy Control Program was established. In 1982, multi-drug therapy was made available in a few hospitals and carefully chosen areas across the nation. In 1987, the program was incorporated into the overall health care system.

Vision

To direct in a society free of leprosy, where no new cases exist and all the needs of those who already have the disease are fully met.

Mission

To provide accessible and acceptable cost effective quality leprosy service including rehabilitation and continue to provide such services as long as and wherever needed.

Objectives

  • To eliminate leprosy and further reduce disease burden at the district level.
  • To reduce disability due to leprosy.
  • To reduce stigma in the community against leprosy.
  • To provide high-quality service for all person affected by leprosy.

Strategies

  • Early case detection and prompt treatment of cases.
  • Enable all general health facilities to diagnosis and treat leprosy.
  • Ensure high MDT treatment completion rate.
  • Prevent and limit disability by early diagnosis and correct treatment.
  • To reduce stigma through information, education and advocacy.
  • Sustain quality of leprosy service in the integrated setup.

National Program on Immunization ( Expanded program on immunization )

The national immunization program was first implemented in three districts in 1979 with just two antigens (BCG and DPT), but it was quickly expanded to cover all 75 districts by 1988 with all six recommended antigens (BCG, DPT, OPV, and measles).

The government of Nepal places a strong focus on the national vaccination program. One of the most economical medical interventions is immunization. NIP has aided in lowering the burden of diseases that can be prevented by vaccination as well as child mortality and morbidity.

Goal

The goal of National immunization program is to reduce child mortality, morbidity, and disability associated with vaccine preventable disease.

 Objectives

  • Achieve and sustain 90% coverage of DPT3 by and all antigens.
  • Maintain polio-free status.
  • Sustain MNY elimination status.
  • Initiate measles elimination.
  • Expand vaccine-preventable diseases.
  • Accelerate control of another vaccine-preventable disease through an introduction of the new vaccine.
  • Improve and sustain immunization quality.
  • Expand immunization services beyond infancy.

Major Activities

  • Provision of routine immunization service delivery either through fixed sites or outreach sessions.
  • Supporting to strengthen municipal immunization through micro planning.
  • Conducting capacity building training.
  • Continuous supplementary immunization activities.
  • Continuing school TT vaccination program.
  • Celebrating immunization month.

 References

  • cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/su6004a9.htm
  • cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/rr/rr4711.pdf
  • ftp://ftp.cdc.gov/pub/nipgidgmb/RIT/.../6-Campaign%20and%20RI%20Services.pptx
  • Pathak, Sumita and Sochana Sapkota. A Textbook of Leadership and Management. Bhotahity, Kathmandu: Vidyarthi Pustak Bhandar, 2014.
  • who.int/immunization/sage/9_Final_RED_280909.pdf
  •  

 
Things to remember
  • Leprosy was identified as a significant health issue as early as 1950.
  • Only starting in 1960 were organized and well-planned efforts to control leprosy.
  • In 1966, the Nepal Leprosy Control Program was established. In 1982, multi-drug therapy was made available in a few hospitals and carefully chosen areas across the nation. In 1987, the program was incorporated into the overall health care system.
  • The national immunization program was first implemented in three districts in 1979 with just two antigens (BCG and DPT), but it was quickly expanded to cover all 75 districts by 1988 with all six recommended antigens (BCG, DPT, OPV, and measles).
  • The government of Nepal places a high priority on the national immunization program.
  • Immunization is considered as one of the most cost-effective health intervention. NIP has helped in reducing the burden of vaccine-preventable diseases and child mortality and morbidity.
Questions and Answers

Leprosy was identified as a significant health issue as early as 1950. Only starting in 1960 were coordinated and well-planned efforts to control leprosy. In 1966, the Nepal Leprosy Control Program was established. In 1982, multi-drug therapy was made available in a few hospitals and carefully chosen places across the nation. In 1987, the initiative was included into the overall health care system.

Objectives:

  • To eradicate leprosy and significantly lessen the burden of disease in each district.
  • To lessen leprosy-related disabilities.
  • To lessen leprosy's negative connotation in the community.
  • To offer top-notch services to everyone who has leprosy.

Strategies:

  • Early case identification and timely case treatment.
  • Give leprosy diagnosis and treatment access to all general healthcare services.
  • Assure a high incidence of MDT treatment completion.
  • Prevent and reduce impairment through early detection and effective care.
  • To lessen stigma via activism, knowledge, and education.
  • Maintain the standard of care for leprosy in the integrated system.
  • 90 percent coverage of DPT3 by all antigens, maintained.
  • Preserve the polio-free status.
  • Maintain MNY's position as an out.
  • Start the measles eradication process.
  • Illnesses that can be prevented by vaccines.
  • Accelerate the launch of the new vaccine to control another disease that is vaccine-preventable.
  • Boost and maintain vaccination quality.
  • Services for immunization beyond infancy.

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